青岛斋堂岛附近海域薛氏海龙繁殖生物学  

Reproductive biology of Syngnathus schlegeli on the coast of Zhaitang Island

作　　者：黄玉喜 陈平 张秀梅[1] HUANG Yuxi;CHEN Ping;ZHANG Xiumei(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education;Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2018年第2期384-394,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201405010)

摘　　要：根据2015年3-5月在青岛斋堂岛附近海域使用张网采集的1250尾薛氏海龙(Syngnathus schlegeli)样本,分析了该水域薛氏海龙的性比、副性征、性腺指数、性腺成熟度与卵径、育儿袋中胚胎等繁殖生物学特征。结果表明,青岛斋堂岛附近海域薛氏海龙春季繁殖种群雌雄比例分别为63.28%和36.24%,未成年个体占0.48%,雌雄比为1.75:1,明显偏离1:1的性别比例;繁殖群体中雄性个体的性腺指数始终保持在较低水平,为0.01%~4.85%,雌性个体相对较高,为0.05%~128.99%,二者差异极显著(P<0.01);组织学观察发现,性腺在3—5月份迅速发育成熟,雄性排精后精巢腔中仍剩余较多精细胞,表明雄性个体为多次排精;雌性Ⅲ~Ⅳ期卵巢中均分布有不同时相的卵子,且卵径分布呈现两个峰值,表明雌性个体为分批产卵;根据雌性个体V期卵巢中成熟卵子的卵粒数与雄性个体育儿袋中的平均怀卵数基本相同,育儿袋中胚胎的发育阶段也基本一致,推测其交配模式可能为一雄一雌制,抑或是雄性在同一天内与多个雌性交配的一雄多雌制。斋堂岛附近海域薛氏海龙的交配模式还有待室内行为观察并结合微卫星标记等手段进一步确认。Island,Qingdao(using stow nets,in 2015),and their sex ratio,secondary sexual characteristics,gonadosomatic index(GSI),gonad maturity levels,egg diameter,and number of embryos in the pouch were examined.The results showed that the abundance of females was higher than that of males in the area,with a total sex ratio of 1.75:1,deviating significantly from a 1:1 sex ratio,and the sample comprised 63.28%females,36.24%males,and 0.48%underage individuals.The gonadosomatic index(GSI)range in males in the breeding population was maintained at a relatively low level of 0.01%to 4.85%,and the GSI in females ranged from 0.05%to 128.99%,and was significantly different from that of the males(P<0.01).Histological sections showed that the gonads of S.schlegeli quickly matured from March to May.After spermiation,some sperm cells remained in the testis of male S.schlegeli,showing that multiple spermiation events may occur.In the female breeding groups,different phases of eggs appeared in the stage III-VI ovary,and the egg-diameter distribution had two peaks,indicating a multiple-batch spawning pattern.The number of mature eggs in the stage V ovary was in accordance with the number of eggs in the paternal brood bags,and the embryos in the paternal brood bags were at the same stage,suggesting monogamous mating,or polygamy whereby males mated with multiple females on the same day.Evidence for the mating patterns of S.schlegeli on the coast of Zhaitang Island needs to be shown by behavioral observation and microsatellite analysis.

关 键 词：薛氏海龙 繁殖生物学 组织学切片 性腺发育 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]