存在句中“there”的概念纯理功能分析  

Towards the Ideational Metafunction of Existential There

作　　者：董保华[1] 全冬[1] 朱晓云 DONG Baohua

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院外国语学院,重庆401331 [2]不详

出　　处：《外国语文》2018年第1期96-105,共10页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目(2017WYZX08)研究成果

摘　　要：目前研究在否认存在"there"具有概念功能的同时又在人际功能和语篇功能分析中将其作为预设对象,这种功能解释上的失洽不仅无法合理解释存在"there"的纯理功能,且有损SFL理论的整体解释力。鉴于此,从"there"具有概念功能的理据、存在句的及物性过程类型以及"there"的概念功能角色等三方面展开探讨,以期厘定"there"的概念功能,进而对其纯理功能做出合理解释。研究表明,作为小句功能强制成分的"there",参与经验构建从而必然继承小句的概念功能并具有经验语法理据。存在"there"受语法化影响被重新分析,与小句中的NP构成关系过程以实现对经验关系的识解与构建,存在"there"小句可视为关系过程。存在"there"缺乏归属型关系过程特有的外在"施事",可视为Whorf(1956)所谓的隐性范畴,其概念功能可分析为"隐性载体"。对存在"there"概念功能的分析一方面凸显存在"there"的经验识解与构建作用,进而消解其功能解释上的失洽;另一方面有力证明SFL有关"语言形式获得功能解释"的理论假设。The studies claim existential there lacks the ideational metafunction,whose interpersonal and textual metafunctions are presupposed otherwise.Such a contradictory account makes the metafunctional analysis of existential there less convincing and also weakens the theoretical accountability of SFL.Therefore,this paper aims for a convincing account of metafunctional analysis of existential there by exploring its ideational metafunctional motivation,transitivity process and ideational metafunction.The findings are that existential there,as the compulsory element in the experiential configuration,should be rendered the ideational metafunctions because of its role in the experience construction.Existential there clause can be taken as relational process,for it together with NP construes the experience when being reanalyzed in grammaticalization.Existential there,the so-called crypto-category in Whorf(1956),is treated as crypto-Carrier,for the existential there structures lack the external Agent that the general attributive relational process enjoys.This study,by analyzing ideational metafunction of existential there,highlights its experiential construction role so as to resolve the conflicts involved in its metafunctional analysis and in the meantime in SFL the theoretical hypothesis that“language forms should be accounted for by their functions”has been well verified.

关 键 词：存在“there” 概念纯理功能 关系过程 隐性载体 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]