rDNA在斑茅染色体的物理定位和染色体基数研究  

Physical Mapping of rDNA on the Chromosomes of Erianthus Arundinaceus and Determination of Basic Chromosome Number

作　　者：吴嘉云 黄永吉[2,3] 王勤南 凌秋平 邓祖湖[2,3] 李奇伟 陈如凯[2,3] WU Jia-yun;HUANG Yong-ji;WANG Qin-nan;LING Qiu-ping;DENG Zu-hu;LI Qi-wei;CHEN Ru-kai(Guangdong Provincial Bioengineering Institute(Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute)/Guangdong Key Lab of Sugarcane Improvement&Biorefinery,Guangzhou 510316;National Engineering Research Center of Sugarcane,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002)

机构地区：[1]广东省生物工程研究所(广州甘蔗糖业研究所)广东省甘蔗改良与生物炼制重点实验室,广东广州510316 [2]福建农林大学国家甘蔗工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]福建农林大学农业部福建甘蔗生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,福建福州350002

出　　处：《甘蔗糖业》2018年第2期1-5,共5页Sugarcane and Canesugar

基　　金：广东省基金项目(2015A030310286);国家基金项目(31571730;31701488;31401440);广东省科技计划项目(2014A030304027;2015A030302030;2017A030303048);广东省科学院实施创新驱动发展能力建设专项(2017GDASCX-0105)

摘　　要：为了了解5S rDNA和45S rDNA在斑茅染色体上的分布情况及其染色体基数,利用荧光原位杂交技术在斑茅海南92-77(2n=60)和海南92-105(2n=60)的中期染色体和间期细胞核上进行5S rDNA和45S rDNA定位研究。结果表明在海南92-77和海南92-105的中期染色体和间期细胞核上45S rDNA位点均有6个信号位点,且均位于染色体短臂的端部上;这6个45S rDNA位点大小具有明显的差异,说明斑茅的45S rDNA的拷贝数存在差异。5S rDNA位点在海南92-77和海南92-105均有6个信号位点,且均位于染色体长臂的着丝粒附近;5S rDNA位点大小相差无几,说明斑茅的5S rDNA的拷贝数差异不大。因此,可以推断染色体数目为60的斑茅染色体基数为x=10。In order to know the physical mapping of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA on the chromosomes of E.arundinaceus and determination of basic chromosome number,the E.arundinaceus chromosome localization of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA was studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization on metaphase chromosomes in Hainan 92-77(2n=60)and Hainan 92-105(2n=60).The results showed that the number of 45S rDNA site signal loci were six at somatic chromosomes of metaphase and cell nucleus of interphase in both Hainan 92-77 and Hainan 92-105,and the signal loci of 45S rDNA was located in the short arm end of six chromosomes.Among them,loci were different,suggesting that the copy number of 45S rDNA was different.The number of 5S rDNA site signal loci were six in both Hainan 92-77 and Hainan 92-105,and the signal loci of 45S rDNA was located near the long arm of chromosome centromere,all the 6 loci were of similar size,suggesting that the copy number of 5S rDNA was similar.Therefore,the basic chromosome number of E.arundinaceus with 2n=60 was determined as x=10.

关 键 词：斑茅 荧光原位杂交 核糖体DNA 物理定位 染色体基数 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]