外泌体分离方法研究进展  

Research progress on the methods of exosome isolation

作　　者：张玉星 张响 陈文杰[1] 张丽果 ZHANG Yu-Xing;ZHANG Xiang;CHEN Wen-Jie;ZHANG Li-Guo(School of Mechanics and Engineering Science,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学力学与工程科学学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学国家级微纳成型技术国际联合研究中心,河南郑州450001 [3]郑州大学医药科学研究院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《转化医学电子杂志》2018年第4期42-46,共5页E-Journal of Translational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31600676);河南省自然科学基金(162300410245);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划(2015GGJS-155);郑州大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2017cxcy095)

摘　　要：外泌体是一种由细胞分泌的密度在1.18~1.19 kg/L纳米级膜性囊泡,它在生物进程中扮演者重要的角色,如信息传递、运输载体、抗原呈递等。近年来,外泌体在研究界引起了相当大的关注。一方面科学家及医疗工作者致力于寻找新的以外泌体为基础的生物标志物进行健康监测及医疗诊断;另一方面,现阶段缺乏技术标准化方法来保证分离出高产量、高纯度的外泌体,这为实现可靠的生物标志物的发现制造了障碍。本文综述了外泌体分离方法相关研究领域的进展,特别在分离机制、适用范围及应用前景等方面。最后,本文讨论了基于微流控技术的外泌体分离方法的新进展,并肯定了微流控技术在外泌体分离领域的重要性。Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles containing proteins and nucleic acids from their originating cells,with a density of about 1.18-1.19 kg/L.They play an important role in biological processes,such as intercellular communication,transport cargos,antigen presentation,etc.In recent years,exosomses have gained huge interest in the scientific community.On one hand,scientists and medical workers devote to find new biomarkers based on exosomes for health monitoring and medical diagnosis.On the other hand,at the present stage,there is a lack of technological standard to ensure the exosomes isolation with high-yield and high-purity,which creates obstacles for the discovery of reliable biomarkers.This paper reviews the progress of exosomes isolation,detection methods and related research fields,especially in the separation mechanism,the scope and the prospect of applications.Finally,we discussed the new advances of exosomes isolation methods based on microfluidics,and affirmed the importance of microfluidics in exosomes isolation.

关 键 词：外泌体 分离 微流控 体外检测 

分 类 号：R122.12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]