2005—2017年山东省审定大豆品种农艺和品质性状演变分析  

Evolution Analysis of Agronomic and Quality Traits for Soybean Varieties Approved in Shandong Province during 2005-2017

作　　者：李伟[1] 张彦威[1] 林延慧[1] 张礼凤[1] 王彩洁[1] 张军 徐冉[1] Li Wei;Zhang Yanwei;Lin Yanhui;Zhang Lifeng;Wang Caijie;Zhang Jun;Xu Ran(Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Binzhou Vocational College,Binzhou 256603,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院作物研究所,山东济南250100 [2]滨州职业技术学院,山东滨州256603

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2018年第4期16-21,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2015YL070);国家大豆产业技术体系项目(CARS-04-CES18)

摘　　要：品种更新对大豆产量提升和品质改良具有重要作用。本研究统计了2005—2017年山东省审定的41个大豆品种的10项农艺和品质指标,并对其演变情况和相关性进行分析。结果表明:山东省近年审定品种产量水平呈显著上升趋势,平均每年提高74.73 kg·hm-2,百粒重平均每年提高0.19 g,单株粒数平均每年提高2.09粒,株高、主茎节数呈下降趋势,生育期和有效分枝基本不变;高产品种单株粒数、百粒重显著较高,增加单株粒重可能是进一步提高产量潜力的关键;山东省近年审定品种蛋白含量和蛋脂总量呈上升趋势,油分稍有下滑。相关分析表明单株粒数与蛋白含量极显著负相关,百粒重与蛋白含量极显著正相关,协调产量与品质的关系将是大豆遗传改良研究的重点。Renovation of soybean variety plays an important role in increasing yield and improving quality.In this study,ten agronomic and quality traits of 41 soybean cultivars approved in Shandong Province during 2005-2017 were counted and their evolution and correlation were analyzed.The results showed that their yields showed a significant increasing trend,and the mean annual increment was 74.73 kg·hm-2.Their mean 100-seed weight and seed number per plant increased yearly by 0.19 g and 2.09.The plant height and nodes of main stem showed decreasing trends.Their growth period and effective branches were almost invariant.The seed number per plant and 100-seed weight were both higher in high-yield varieties,which indicated that the key to further improving the potential yield might be the increasing of seed weight per plant.Their protein content and protein plus oil content increased,but oil content decreased slightly.According to correlation analysis,it was indicated that seed number per plant had negative correlation with protein content and 100-seed weight had positive correlation with protein content.It might be the key to soybean genetic improvement to coordinate the relationship between yield and quality.

关 键 词：山东省 大豆 品种 产量 品质 演变 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]