早熟油菜不同生育时期对肥料氮的吸收和分配  

The Fertilizer Nitrogen Absorption and Distribution at Different Growth Stages in Short-growth-period Rapeseed

作　　者：刘宝林[1] 邹小云[1,2] 宋来强[2] 官春云[1] LIU Bao-lin;ZOU Xiao-yun;SONG Lai-qiang;GUAN Chun-yun(Oilseed Crops Institute/National Oil Crops Improvement Center,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Institute of Crops of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学油料作物研究所/国家油料作物改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙410128 [2]江西省农业科学院作物研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2018年第2期323-329,共7页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760393);江西省杰出青年人才资助计划项目(20171BCB23082);江西省科技创新团队建设计划项目(20152BCB24013);江西省农业科学院博士启动项目(20162CBS009)~~

摘　　要：为探讨早熟油菜对肥料氮的吸收和分配差异,以期为双季稻区早熟油菜合理施肥提供依据。以早熟常规油菜"1358"为试验材料,应用15N示踪方法,通过盆栽试验研究早熟油菜不同生育时期对肥料氮的吸收和分配规律。结果表明:早熟油菜不同生育期植株氮素总积累量整体偏低,施用基肥、苗肥和薹肥后影响器官的N素分配,其N素代谢及分配中心在不同时期相一致。在油菜的整个生育期中,叶片的氮素累积量高于茎秆和根,植株各器官中N素总量随着生育进程呈先升后降的趋势,生殖器官的N素积累量则呈逐增趋势,初花期的氮素累积量最高,3个处理初花期的氮素累积量分别为1.34,0.82,1.35 mg/株;基肥和薹期追施对早熟油菜后期生长和籽粒灌浆非常重要。To explore the absorption and distribution of fertilizer nitrogen in short-growth-period rapeseed and provide the basis for rational fertilization of short growth period rapeseed,the short-growth-period rapeseed cultivar“1358”was used as the test material,the fertilizer-N absorption and distribution of short-growth-period rapeseed were studied by using 15 N tracer technique through a potted field experiment.The results showed that at different growth stages the nitrogen content of the plant of the short-growth-period rapeseed was low in general,nitrogen application affected the fertilizer distribution in different organs,but the fertilizer nitrogen distribution center was consistent with the plant itself.In the whole growth period of rapeseed,the leaf nitrogen accumulation amount was higher than that in stem and root,as the rapeseed growth proceeded,the plant total nitrogen had the rule of falling first and rising later,the amount of accumulated nitrogen in the seed showed a trend of increasing gradually,the nitrogen accumulation amount was the highest at the beginning of the flowering period,the nitrogen accumulation amounts of the N 1,N 2,and N 3 treatments were1.34,0.82,1.35 mg/plant,respectively.Basal fertilizer and topdressing at the stem extension stage are important to short-growth-period rapeseed.

关 键 词：早熟油菜 15N示踪技术 氮素积累 氮素分配 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]