玉米间作绿豆或红小豆的经济效益分析  

Economic Benefits Analysis of Maize Intercropping with Mung Bean or Adzuki Bean

作　　者：门洪文[1] 郭守鹏[1] 朱利 康振强 王宝国 MEN Hong-wen;GUO Shou-peng;ZHU Li(Ji’nan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji’nan,Shandong 250316)

机构地区：[1]济南市农业科学研究院,山东济南250316

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第12期45-47,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：济南市农业科技创新计划项目(201401);山东省农业科学院院地科技合作引导计划项目(2015YDHZ10);济南市农业科学研究院科研项目(ZY201706)

摘　　要：目的]研究玉米与绿豆或红小豆间作对玉米、绿豆、红小豆产量、主要农艺性状和经济效益的影响,筛选出适宜济南及周边地区玉米、绿豆、红小豆的最优种植模式。[方法]设置玉米间作绿豆、玉米间作红小豆、玉米单作、绿豆单作、红小豆单作共8个处理,分别以玉米单作、绿豆单作和红小豆单作为对照,分析不同种植模式下的经济效益。[结果]玉米6.75万株/hm^2+绿豆5.55万株/hm^2为最优处理,收获玉米产量为6 567.0 kg/hm^2,收获绿豆产量为583.5 kg/hm^2,经济效益为18 384.0元/hm^2,比绿豆单作增效12.3%,比玉米单作增效26.9%。通过缩小株距,将玉米密度固定在6.75万株/hm^2能使玉米产量水平降低不显著。绿豆在间作条件下较绿豆单作产量降低59.1%;红小豆在间作条件下,玉米和红小豆产量均显著降低,经济效益低于玉米单作或红小豆单作。[结论]在该试验条件下,济南及周边地区最适宜的间作方式为2行玉米6.75万株/hm^2+2行绿豆5.55万株/hm^2。[Objective]To study the effects of maize intercropping with mung bean or adzuki bean on the yield,main agronomic characters and economic benefits of maize,mung bean and adzuki bean,and to screen out the optimal cropping patterns of corn,mung bean and adzuki bean of Jinan and surrounding areas.[Method]A total of eight treatments were designed,including interplanting of maize and mung bean,interplanting of maize and adzuki bean,maize monoculture,mung bean single monoculture,and adzuki bean monoculture.Taking maize,mung bean and adzuki bean monocultures as the controls,economic benefits of different planting patterns were analyzed.[Result]The optimal treatment was maize 67 500 plants/hm 2+mung bean 55 500 plants/hm 2.Under this condition,the yield of maize and mung bean were 6 567.0 and 583.5 kg/hm 2,respectively.Its economic benefit was 18 384.0 Yuan/hm 2,which was 12.3%more than the mung bean monoculture and 26.9%more than maize monoculture.By narrowing the plant spacing,the density of maize was fixed at 67 500 plants/hm 2,which could made the reduction of maize yield not obviously.Yield of interplanting of maize and mung bean reduced by 59.1%compared with that of mung bean monocropping.Under the condition of adzuki bean intercropping,yields of maize and adzuki bean significantly reduced,and the economic benefits were lower than those of maize monocropping and adzuki bean monocropping.[Conclusion]Under the experimental conditions,the most suitable intercropping method in Jinan and the surrounding area was 2 rows of maize 67 500 plants/hm 2+2 rows of mung bean 55 500 plants/hm 2.

关 键 词：玉米 间作 产量 农艺性状 经济效益 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]