冬小麦带状撒播不同播期和播量对产量的影响  

Effects of Different Sowing Dates and Sowing Volume on Yield of Banded Broadcasting Winter Wheat

作　　者：孙万荣[1] 霍成斌[1] 李岩华[1] 李齐霞[1] 李中青[1] SUN Wan-rong;HUO Cheng-bin;LI Yan-hua(Millet Research Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changzhi,Shanxi 046011)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,山西长治046011

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第12期48-51,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院攻关项目"小麦带状间套作玉米高产高效模式研究与示范"(YGG1642);山西省农业科学院农业科技成果转化和示范推广项目"长农44号谷子新品种绿色高效技术示范"(2017CGZH29)

摘　　要：[目的]研究冬小麦撒播种植播期与播量对产量的影响。[方法]采用二因素裂区设计,对产量及其构成因素进行了分析。[结果]不同播期、播量的产量及其构成因素均有显著差异,播量对穗数的影响较大;播期对穗粒数、千粒重和产量的影响较大;播期与播量互作的影响不显著;冬小麦长6359撒播的产量在6 723~7 261 kg/hm^2,适宜播种期为9月28日—10月3日,播量为300.0~450.0 kg/hm^2。在品种、播量对产量及产量构成因素的分析中,品种间的差异显著;不同品种同期播种,中穗型品种产量为最高。[结论]在一定的播期、播量范围内,选择适宜的品种类型进行撒播,早播可适当降低播量,提高成穗率,增加产量;晚播适当增加播量,提高主茎成穗数增加产量。[Objective]To study the effects of sowing date and sowing rate on the yield of banded broadcasting winter wheat.[Method]The yield and yield components were analyzed by the two-factor split design.[Result]There were significant differences in yield and yield components between different sowing dates and sowing rates,and sowing dates had a significant effect on the number of spikes.Sowing rate had a significant effect on the number of grains per spike,1 000-grain weight and yield.The effect of interaction was not significant.The yield of winter wheat Chang 6359 was 6 723-7 261 kg/hm 2,the suitable sowing date was September 28-October 3,and the sowing rate was 300.0-450.0 kg/hm 2.In the analysis of varieties and sowing rates on the factors of yield and yield components,the differences among varieties were significant.The yield of middle-ear cultivars was the highest among different varieties in the same period.[Conclusion]In a certain range of sowing date and the sowing quantity,the appropriate varieties were selected for sowing,early sowing could appropriatly reduce the sowing rate,increase the percentage of earbearing tiller,and enhance the yield.Late sowing could appropriately increase sowing amount,enhance the number of spikes of main stem and increase the yield.

关 键 词：冬小麦 撒播 播期 播量 产量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S352