隐性否定动词的羡余否定现象研究  

Research on Redundant Negation of Implicit Verbs

作　　者：邱莹 QIU Ying(Faculty of Linguistic Sciences,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083 China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学语言科学院,中国北京100083

出　　处：《海外华文教育》2018年第2期20-28,共9页Overseas Chinese Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(15BYY001);国家社科基金重大招标项目(12&ZD175);北京语言大学研究生创新基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助;项目批准号:17YCX117)的支持

摘　　要：本文系统考察了隐性否定动词的强式羡余否定式的句法、语义和语用等多维度特征,并对其基本组织原则做出认知解释。文章首先根据使用频率、固化程度和是否歧义将隐性否定动词的羡余否定式分为强式羡余否定式和弱式羡余否定式,本文主要讨论强式羡余否定式的句法语义特征:句法上,隐性否定动词的宾语必须是动词性的谓词性宾语,给羡余否定标记提供句法位置,并详细分析了"后悔/埋怨不该VP"和"就只差没VP"的句法限制;语义上,谓词性宾语表具体动作,具有非正面评价性和可控性。强式羡余否定式的语用效果主要表现为强调主要信息、凸显主观情感和增强否定语气等三个方面。最后还尝试从语言组织相关心理原则、叠加和强化原则、主观性等认知因素去分析形成羡余否定式的机制和动因。This paper has been systematically investigated multi-dimensional features of the strong redundant structures of implicit negative verbs,such as syntactic and semantic as well as pragmatic characteristics,and explains those primary principles of language organization from a cognitive perspective.The redundant structures of implicit negative verbs have been divided into strong redundant structures and weak redundant structures,then a syntactic and semantic analysis of strong redundant structures comes first and it is claimed that those verbs should be followed with predicative object to provide syntactic place for redundant negation markers syntactically and then studied specific syntactic restricts of“hou hui/man yuan bugai VP”and“jiu zhi cha mei VP”.The predicative object is kinesis,non-positive and controllable semantically.Besides the structure has particular pragmatic effects,such as to stress main information,to highlight subjective emotion and to strengthen the negative tone and so on.Finally the mechanism and motivation of this structure are analyzed from some cognitive elements that are relevant psychological principles of language organization,subjectivity and the principle of superposition and reinforcement.

关 键 词：隐性否定动词 羡余否定 句法语义特征 语用效果 语言组织心理原则 叠加和强化 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]