技术生成的哲学解析  

Philosophical Accounting for the Becoming of Technology

作　　者：李三虎[1] LI San-hu(Magazine Agency,The Party School of Municiple Party Committee of Guagzhou,Guangzh 510070,China)

机构地区：[1]中共广州市委党校校刊部,广东广州510070

出　　处：《洛阳师范学院学报》2018年第1期1-8,25,共9页Journal of Luoyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(13BZX026)

摘　　要：技术生成作为一个重要的哲学问题,实际上是一个人—世界关系问题。目前一种流行的技术哲学观点是斯蒂格勒的人的身体缺陷及其技术弥补观点。但是,这一先验判断作为技术生成的一种向前的历史入场形式,必须要落实到人类脱离动物世界的向后追溯姿态上来,也即必须要强调生命是技术生成的条件。由此可以借用阿伦特的"生命活动"概念,将技术的生成展示为如下逻辑秩序。一是"劳动动物"诉诸劳动,逐步将自然物纳入自身的生存范畴,代表着技术生成的原始起源;二是"工匠人"诉诸工作,开始将人工物世界纳入自身的生存范畴,表明技术生成的加速效应;三是"社会人"诉诸行动,将自然物和人工物纳入自身的生存范畴,表明技术生成具有集体的扩张性特征。这种技术生成的历史逻辑秩序,表明人与物是一种相互建构关系,与人一样,自然物作为能动者也进入技术生成过程,同时也要强调,劳动、工作和行动并不是一种相互替代关系,行动对工作、工作对劳动是一种包含或发展关系,因此技术的一切历史生成均会包含于当前的行动中。这里人和非人要素作为技术生成的能动者绝不会单独发挥作用,技术的生成机制在于一种包含能动者设想或被设想的目标、步骤和意向转换、人和非人能动者混杂以及能动者之间相互赋意在内的技术行动纲领。The becoming of technology,a philosophical issue,is actually about the human-world relation.A popular view in this perspective,proposed by Stiegler,holds that technology is a remedy for the immanent deficiency of human body.However,this transcendental idea about the becoming of technology as prospect has to be ascertained in the retrospect of human being divorced from its animal nature.That is,the becoming of technology must be preconditioned by human life.With the aid of Arendt’s conception of“vita activa”(life activity),the becoming of technology can be expressed in the following order:in the primary stage of the becoming of technology,“animal laborans”takes natural things into the category of their existence;in the second stage,“homo fabers”put the production world into the category of their existence,which speeds up the becoming of technology;in the third stage,“homo sociologicus”act collectively to put both natural things and artifacts into the category of their existence,which shows the expansionary character of the becoming of technology.According to this logical order,in the becoming of technology,human and the world are mutually constructed.Like human being,things are agencies in the process of the becoming of technology.Action has the inclusive relation with labor and work.In other word,the becoming of technology in the past is included in the present action.At this point,human and non-human factors cannot act individually,and the becoming mechanism of technology lies in the technological program:aims,procedures and intentional conversions assumed by agents,the hybrid constitution of human and non-human factors,and meaning each other between agents.

关 键 词：技术生成 生命活动 能动者 技术行动纲领 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]