局部麻醉药新剂型及其相关不良反应的研究进展  

Research Progress of New Formulations of Local Anesthetic and Its Related Adverse Reactions

作　　者：徐浩[1] 孟祥忠[2] 赵妍[1] 申旭霁[3] 成娟娟[1] 徐礼鲜[2] 闵恒 XU Hao;MENG Xiangzhong;ZHAO Yan;SHEN Xuji;CHENG Juanjuan;XU Lixian;MIN Heng(Institution of Basic Medical Science,Xi′an Medical University,Xi′an 710021,China;Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Xi′an Medical University,Xi′an 710021,China;Department of Anesthesiology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi′an 710032,China;;Department of Gastroenterology,PLA 169th Hospital,Hengyang 421002,China)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院基础医学研究所,西安710021 [2]第四军医大学第三附属医院麻醉科,西安710032 [3]西安医学院药学研究所,西安710021 [4]解放军第一六九医院消化内科,湖南衡阳421002

出　　处：《医学综述》2018年第5期977-981,986,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81500063);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2016JQ8049)

摘　　要：近年来医学和药学制剂工艺的迅速发展,极大地推动了局部麻醉药(LA)新剂型的研制,微球、脂质体、乳化剂、水凝胶以及微型胶囊技术快速发展,延长了局部麻醉时间,改善了局部麻醉的效果。随着各种LA新剂型的不断研发和应用,LA的不良反应如过敏反应、周围和中枢神经系统毒性等也引起了医学界的关注。了解LA新剂型研发状况、制备工艺、麻醉效果、特点、相关不良反应以及防治措施可为LA的临床应用提供参考,并减少不良反应的发生,使其更好地服务于患者。In recent years,the rapid development of medical and pharmaceutical preparation processes has greatly promoted the development of local anesthetic(LA).The rapid development of microsphere,liposomes,emulsifier,hydrogel technology has extended the acting time and improved the effect of LA.However,with the research and development and application of new formulations of LA,the adverse reactions of LA like allergies,peripheral and central nervous system toxicity,have attracted the attention of the medical community.It is important to further understand the development,preparation,anesthesia characteristics,adverse reaction and prevention measures of these new forms of LA,which can also provide reference for the clinical application of LA,and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions,and better serve the patients.

关 键 词：局部麻醉药 新剂型 不良反应 毒性作用 防治措施 

分 类 号：R614.3[医药卫生—麻醉学]