湖南省A级旅游区景观生态系统格局测度及其特征  

The measurement and characteristics of the landscape ecosystem of the grade A tourist area in Hunan Province

作　　者：崔树强[1] 朱佩娟[1,2] 吴小双 CUI Shuqiang;ZHU Peijuan;WU Xiaoshuang(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Key Laboratory of Geospatial Big Data Mining and Application,Hunan Province,Changsha 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [2]湖南师范大学地理空间大数据挖掘与应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙410081

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第2期50-60,共11页Ecological Science

基　　金：湖南省高校创新平台开放基金项目(13k033);湖南省重点学科地理学建设项目(2011001)

摘　　要：以景观生态学的视角去系统地分析旅游景观的功能与尺度、格局与过程以及功能是旅游地理学研究新的延展。通过旅游景观和旅游景观生态系统内涵解析,分析了旅游景观生态系统的格局构成和特征,并基于湖南省A级旅游景区的核心景观展开实证研究。研究发现:(1)旅游景观生态系统是一种具有旅游功能的地域综合体,景观整体格局特征分析是认识与理解旅游景观生态系统空间异质性的关键。(2)旅游景观生态系统空间单元可划分为斑块、廊道和基质,旅游景观分布特征、多样性与异质性、和其空间关系三者相互影响,共同决定了旅游景观生态系统格局。(3)通过对湖南省A级旅游区景观格局的测度,湖南省旅游景观整体呈现出"西边一片,东边一线"格局,旅游景观综合密度则呈现湘西、湘东北较大,湘中南较小的特征;从旅游景观多样性与异质性来看,湖南省旅游景观类型丰富,以六大景类为主,且整个旅游景观生态系统可分为十二个功能区,异质性较强;从旅游景观间的空间关系来看,湘东"一条线"上的旅游景观相互连通性较好,湘中的旅游景观连通性则最差,其它斑块的旅游景观连通性比较一般,相互差异也不大。据此文章提出了对湖南省旅游景观生态系统优化策略的探讨。From the perspective of landscape ecology,systematically analyzing the functions,scales,patterns,processes,and functions of tourism landscapes is a new extension of tourism geography research.Through the analysis of the connotation of tourism landscape and tourism landscape ecosystem,the landscape composition and characteristics of tourism landscape ecosystem are analyzed,and an empirical study based on the core landscape of A-level tourism spots in Hunan Province is conducted.The results are as follows.(1)Tourism landscape ecosystem is a kind of regional complex with tourism function.The analysis of landscape landscape pattern is the key to understanding the spatial heterogeneity of tourism landscape ecosystem.(2)The spatial units of tourism landscape ecosystems can be divided into patches,corridors,and matrices.The distribution,diversity and heterogeneity of tourism landscapes and their spatial relationships affect each other and jointly determine the landscape pattern of tourism landscapes.(3)Through the measurement of the landscape pattern of grade A tourist areas in Hunan Province,the tourism landscape in Hunan Province as a whole shows a pattern of“one area in the west and one line in the east”.The overall density of tourism landscapes is larger in Western Hunan and Northeast Hunan,and smaller in the middle and south of Hunan.From the perspective of the diversity and heterogeneity of tourism landscapes,the tourism landscape in Hunan Province is rich in types and is dominated by six landscape types,and the entire tourism landscape ecosystem can be divided into twelve functional areas with strong heterogeneity.In terms of the spatial relationship between tourism landscapes,tourism landscapes on the“one line”in the east of eastern Hunan have better connectivity,and the connectivity of tourism landscapes in central Hunan is the worst.The connectivity of other patches of tourism landscapes is more general and the differences are also different.The paper discusses the optimization strategy of tourism land

关 键 词：景观生态学 旅游景观生态系统 空间格局测度 湖南省A级旅游区 

分 类 号：F590[经济管理—旅游管理]