松阳花鳖与中华鳖四个地理种群形态差异比较研究  

Comparison of morphological variation among Songyang turtle and four populations of Chinese soft-shelled turtle,Trionyx Sinensis

作　　者：金晶 刘子明[2] 吕耀平[1,2] 陆君 陈跃军[4] 朱仙龙 叶雅萍 谢贵荣 JIN Jing;LIU Ziming;LV YaoPing;LU Jun;CHEN Yuejun;ZHU Xianlong;YE Yaping;XIE Guirong(School of Marine Sciences,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;College of Ecology,Lishui University,Lishui 323000,China;Lishui Aquatic Product Technology Promotion Department,Lishui 323000,China;Songyang Aquatic Product Technology Promotion Department,Lishui 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]丽水学院生态学院,丽水323000 [3]丽水市水产技术推广站,丽水32300 [4]松阳县水产技术推广站,丽水32300

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第2期131-137,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31500308);浙江省"十三五"一流学科生态学(B类);浙江省自然基金项目(Y3110477);浙江省新苗人才计划项目(2015R429016);浙江省丽水市科技局项目(20150407)

摘　　要：通过对松阳花鳖、德清花鳖、黄沙鳖、黄河鳖和洞庭湖鳖5个群体体色、背部花纹和腹部黑斑的观察,同时测量这5个群体的29项生物学外部形态指标,采用聚类分析和主成分分析方法进行统计分析。结果表明:与其他中华鳖群体相比,松阳花鳖在体色上与其他4个群体存在着差异,其背部主要呈青黑色或青褐色,甲壳上雪花样斑点较多且明显,腹部斑块图案较小,颜色较浅呈青色,腹部7个斑块出现的概率均较低,出现无斑块的概率为31.82%。其中斑块1出现的概率最低。聚类分析显示5个中华鳖群体可分为三支,松阳花鳖与黄沙鳖相距最近,聚为一支;黄河鳖和德清花鳖聚为一支;洞庭湖鳖与其他4个群体相距较远,单独聚为一支。主成分分析结果与聚类分析结果一致,且群体间形态差异主要表现在中华鳖背甲周长、裙边宽、头部和尾部的形态变化。其中松阳花鳖、德清花鳖和黄河鳖的后侧裙边宽/背甲长较大,与其他群体差异显著。Through observing the body color,dorsal stripe,and abdominal dark spots of five populations of Chinese soft-shelled turtle(Trionyx Sinensis)including Songyang turtle,Deqing turtle,Huangsha turtle,Yellow River turtle,and Dongting Lake turtle,we measured the twenty-nine external morphological indexes of these populations for statistical analysis using cluster analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that the body color of Songyang turtle was different from other populations with plenty of snowflake-like spots on the lividity shell and small and light cyan plaque in the abdomen.The probability of occurrence of plaques in the abdomen was very low and occurrence of plaque 1 was the lowest.Furthermore,the probability of no plaque in the abdomen was 31.82%.Five populations of Chinese soft-shelled turtle could be divided into 3 groups according to the cluster analysis.Because Songyang turtle and Huangsha turtle were the closest,they were classified as a group.Deqing turtle and Yellow River turtle were classified as another group.Dongting Lake turtle was classified as a single group,because it was far away from other two groups.At the same time,the result of principal component analysis was consistent with cluster analysis.Perimeter of shell,width of carina,morphological changes from head to tail could be the main morphological variation within the populations.The ratios of posterior carina width to shell length of Songyang turtle,Deqing turtle,and Yellow River turtle were bigger when compared to other populations.

关 键 词：松阳花鳖 群体 形态差异 聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]