深圳大鹏半岛自然保护区钝叶假蚊母树群落特征  

Study on Distyliopsis tutcheri community in Dapeng Peninsula Nature Reserve,Shenzhen,China

作　　者：刘海军 郭强 张信坚 孙红斌 廖文波[3] LIU Haijun;GUO Qiang;ZHANG Xinjian;SUN Hongbin;LIAO Wenbo(Rescue Center of Wildlife in Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518040,China;Wild animal and plant protection management office in Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518035,China;State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources,School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Administration Center of Nature Reserves in Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518035,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市野生动物救护中心,深圳518035 [2]深圳市野生动植物保护管理处,深圳518035 [3]中山大学生命科学学院,有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验和广东省热带亚热带植物资源重点实验室,广州510275 [4]深圳市自然保护区管理中心,深圳518035

出　　处：《生态科学》2018年第2期182-190,共9页Ecological Science

基　　金：甘深圳市财政委员会《深圳市珍稀重点野生植物调查》(71020106);深圳市级自然保护区生态环境监测(71021028);深圳市基本生态控制线专项调查([2012]0365);广东省野生动植物保护管理项目(42090404);2014-2015年度广东省本科教学质量和教学改革项目(18822504、18822506)

摘　　要：应用样方法对深圳大鹏半岛自然保护区的排牙山钝叶假蚊母树群落进行调查,分析群落的物种组成和结构特征。结果表明:(1)该群落共有维管植物106种,隶属于47科75属。其中蕨类植物有4科5属9种,种子植物43科70属97种。种子植物属的地理成分以热带分布占较大优势,占非世界属总数的81.16%;(2)群落按垂直结构可分为乔木上层、乔木下层、灌木层和草本层,乔木层以钝叶假蚊母树(Distyliopsis tutcheri)、鹿角锥(Castanopsis lamontii)、密花树(Myrsine seguinii)和粗脉桂(Cinnamomum validinerve)为主要优势种,灌木层以钝叶假蚊母树、锈叶新木姜子(Neolitsea cambodiana)、黄丹木姜子(Litsea elongata)和密花树为主要优势种;(3)群落Raunkiaer频度级分布规律为A>B>C<D>E,从优势种群年龄结构分析看,该群落在演替上处于亚顶级状态;(4)群落的物种多样性方面,Simpson指数和Pielou指数表现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层,而Shannon-wiener指数则表现为灌木层>草本层>乔木层。根据以上结果,认为该群落是一个保存完整的山顶常绿阔叶林,亦属于地带性珍稀植物群落。Distyliopsis tutcheri belongs to the family Hamamelidaceae,which it is a relict species,and a typical species of dominant communities.A Distyliopsis tutcheri community from Dapeng peninsula Nature Reserve of Shenzhen was studied by using the quadrat sampling method to analyze the composition and structure of the community.The results show as follows.(1)The community contains 106 species of vascular plants,belonging to 47 families and 75 genera.Among them,9 species of pteridophytes belong to 5 genera and 4 families,and 97 species of seed plants belong to 70 genera and 43 families.Geographical element analysis revealed that tropical elements occupied obvious dominant,accounted 81.16%of total of the non-world genera.(2)The vertical structure of community can be divided into two sub-layers of trees,shrub layer and herb layer,in which the dominant species of tree layer mainly are Distyliopsis tutcheri,Castanopsis lamontii,Rapanea neriifolia and Cinnamomum validinerve;and the dominant species of the shrub layer mainly are Distyliopsis tutcheri,Neolitsea cambodiana,Litsea elongata and Rapanea neriifolia.(3)The Raunkiaer’s law of frequency of the community is A>B>C<D>E.The analysis for the age structure of the dominant populations shows that the community belongs to the sub-climax stage in evolution process.(4)The analysis of the biodiversity shows that the Simpson index and Pielou index arrange as shrub layer>tree layer>herb layer,and Shannon-wiener index arranges as shrub layer>herb layer>tree layer.According to the above results,it is considered that the community is a complete montane evergreen broad-leaved forest,and it also belongs to the zonal rare plant community.

关 键 词：钝叶假蚊母树 群落特征 金缕梅科 深圳大鹏半岛 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]