一串红体细胞多倍体诱导及其子代表型研究  

Study on somatic polyploid induction and offspring phenotype of Salvia splendens

作　　者：孔维一 甘颖 陈洪伟[2] 王红利[3] 刘克锋[3] KONG Weiyi;GAN Ying;CHEN Hongwei;WANG Hongli;LIU Kefeng(College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;College of Urban and Rural Development,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China;College of Landscape,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206 [2]北京农学院城乡发展学院,北京102206 [3]北京农学院园林学院,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2018年第2期87-91,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31100509);科技创新服务能力建设-协同创新中心-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(2011协同创新中心)(市级)(PXM2016_014207_000038);科技创新服务能力建设-协同创新中心-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(2011协同创新中心)(市级)(PXM2017_014207_000043);北京市园林科学研究院绿化植物育种北京市重点实验室开放课题(YZ201605)

摘　　要：【目的】为了培育出一串红多倍体,并且分析其子代遗传稳定性和差异性。【方法】以不同浓度秋水仙素不同持续处理时间处理一串红幼苗茎尖,利用形态学观测法对诱导处理后的植株进行早期的倍性鉴定,最终镜检确定一串红染色体数及加倍情况。采收种子播种并观测子代形态指标,压片检测子代染色体数目。【结果】多倍体诱导获得3株四倍体。0.1%的秋水仙素处理2d时的变异率最高为13.3%,获得2株四倍体纯合体,0.2%的秋水仙素处理3d时获得1株四倍体纯合体;四倍体、混倍体、处理后未加倍植株在外部形态上均出现变异;四倍体结实率和子代成活率低;混倍体植株子代全部为二倍体。【结论】利用秋水仙素处理茎尖法诱导可获得一串红多倍体,综合考虑,适合采用0.1%秋水仙素持续处理2d。诱导获得的四倍体结实率和成苗率低,应对获得的四倍体采用无性繁殖方法繁育。【Objective】This study is to breed the polyploidy of Salvia splendens with colchicine treatment and investigate the genetic stability and difference of polyploid offspring.【Methods】Different concentrations of colchicine were used to treat shoot tips of Salvia splendens seedlings for different days.Morphological observation was carried out to identify the ploidy of induced plants,then microscopic examination was used to determine the number of chromosomes and ploidy.The seeds were harvested and sowed,then morphological characteristics and chromosome number of offsprings were observed.【Results】Using different induction conditions,we obtained three tetraploids.The highest mutation rate is 13.3%with 0.1%colchicine treatment for two days,and two tetraploid homozygotes were obtained.One tetraploid homozygoty was obtained with 0.2%colchicine treatment for three days.Plants of tetraploidy and mixed ploidy showed variation in the morphologiy,and plants which were still diploid after induction also showed variation.Tetraploid seed setting rate and offspring survival rate were low.The offsprings of mixed ploidy plants were all diploid.【Conclusion】The polyploids of Salvia splendens can be obtained by colchicine treatment with shoot tips.Taken together,the better treatment is 0.1%colchicine for two days.In order to improve the low rates of seed setting and seedling survival,the tetraploids should be bred by asexual reproduction method.

关 键 词：一串红 秋水仙素 体细胞多倍体诱导 

分 类 号：S681.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]