篮球运动员躯干和下肢等速肌力分析  

Isokinetic strength of the trunk and lower limbs in basketball players

作　　者：杨雪清[1] 程亮[2] Yang Xue-qing;Cheng Liang(Sports College of Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,Sichuan Province,China;Rehabilitative Center of Sichuan Institute of Sports Skills,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学体育学院,四川省成都市610039 [2]四川省运动技术学院康复中心,四川省成都市610041

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2018年第12期1835-1840,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：四川省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究项目基地项目(TY2016305)~~

摘　　要：背景:当前研究尚缺乏不同运动等级优秀女子篮球运动员等速肌力的比较性数据。目的:观察优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节肌力特征,比较健将和一级运动员肌力的差异。方法:采用德国Iso Med 2000等速肌力测试仪,测试16名四川省(一级组)和17名国家队(健将组)优秀女子篮球运动员躯干和下肢关节不同角速度[60(°)/s,5次;240(°)/s,25次]的屈、伸肌力。结果与结论:(1)健将组右髋伸肌绝对力和屈肌爆发力,双侧膝屈、伸肌绝对力和右侧屈爆发力,双侧踝关节屈、伸肌绝对力和爆发力显著大于一级组(P<0.05);躯干屈肌爆发力,左髋伸肌绝对力、爆发力和右髋伸肌爆发力非常显著大于一级组(P<0.01);(2)髋、膝和踝关节屈、伸肌力比:健将组屈肌绝对力5.0∶3.6∶1,屈肌爆发力5.0∶3.2∶1,伸肌绝对力2.4∶1.6∶1,伸肌爆发力2.0∶1.3∶1;一级组屈肌绝对力6.3∶3.8∶1,屈肌爆发力6.6∶4.2∶1,伸肌绝对力2.3∶1.8∶1,伸肌爆发力1.8∶1.5∶1;(3)健将组的躯干爆发力,双侧髋、膝绝对力和爆发力的拮抗/主动肌比值与一级组有显著差异(P<0.05);(4)健将组和一级组下肢关节异侧同名肌差异均<10%;(5)健将组躯干屈、伸肌,双侧髋伸肌和双侧踝伸肌耐力显著大于一级组(P<0.05);(6)结果提示,随着测试角度增加,健将组和一级组躯干和下肢屈、伸峰力矩不同程度下降;健将组和一级组下肢异侧同名肌差异<10%;一级组需重视躯干屈肌爆发力,髋屈、伸肌绝对力和爆发力、膝伸肌绝对力和踝屈、伸绝对力和爆发力练习,同时需重视躯干屈、伸肌,髋和踝伸肌群的耐力训练。BACKGROUND:There is a lack of comparative data concerning isokinetic muscle strength of elite female basketball players with different athletic levels.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of muscle strength of trunk and lower limbs of elite female basketball players,and to compare the difference in the muscle strength between elite athletes and first-class athletes.METHODS:Sixteen Sichuan Provincial(first-class group),and 17 members of the national team(elite group)female basketball athletes were enrolled,and the flexion and extension muscle strength of trunk,hip,knee and ankle joints in different angular velocity(60(°)/s,5 times;240(°)/s,25 times)were detected using the German IsoMed 2000 isokinetic testing.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The right hip extensor and flexor force absolute power,bilateral knee flexor and extensor force and absolute flexion explosive,bilateral ankle flexor and extensor and the explosive force in the elite group were significantly higher than those in the firstclass group(P<0.05).The trunk flexor strength,left hip extensor force and absolute outbreak right hip extensor force and explosive force in the elite group were significantly higher than those in the first-class group(P<0.01).In the elite group,the hip knee ankle muscle:the absolute strength of flexor 5.0:3.6:1,flexor extensor 5.0:3.2:1 explosive force,absolute force 2.4:1.6:1,extensor explosive force 2.0:1.3:1;in the first-class group had 6.3:3.8:1 absolute strength of flexor flexor,explosive force 6.6:4.2:1,2.3:1.8:1 absolute extensor force,and 1.8:1.5:1extensor explosive.There were significant differences in the antagonistic/active muscle ratios of torso explosive force,absolute strength of bilateral hip and knee joint and explosive force between two groups(P<0.05).The lower extremity joint contralateral homonymous muscle in both groups was less than 10%.The trunk flexor and extensor,bilateral hip extensor and bilateral ankle extensor endurance in the elite group were significantly higher than those in the first-class group

关 键 词：篮球运动 等速肌力 躯干 下肢 关节肌力 力量训练 耐力训练 拮抗/主动肌比值 峰力矩 肌力比 运动医学 运动员 肌力 耐力训练 组织工程 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]