中老年女性太极拳练习中膝关节疼痛原因调查  

The investigation and study of Middle-aged or old female Tai chi practitioners knee pain

作　　者：侯来永[1,2] HOU Laiyong(Capital institute of physical education,Beijing 100191;Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院运动科学与健康学院,100191 [2]中日友好医院康复医学科,100029

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2018年第2期9-12,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

摘　　要：目的了解中老年女性太极拳练习中膝关节疼痛的发生率。寻找引起中老年女性太极拳练习中膝关节疼痛的原因,探索预防中老年女性太极拳练习过程中膝关节疼痛的方法。方法通过访谈太极拳教练员设计针对性问卷的方式对252位中老年女性太极拳练习者进行调查研究。内容包括:练习者年龄段;练习太极拳时间"拳龄";准备活动时间;准备活动形式;学习太极拳前是否有膝关节疼痛;练习太极拳过程中是否有膝关节疼痛;引起疼痛的具体动作;引起疼痛的运动形式以及太极拳引起膝关节疼痛原因等问题。结果受访教练认为动作不规范是引起膝关节疼痛的主要原因,其次是准备活动不充分和腿部力量不足。问卷显示89.29%的膝痛发生在初学的6个月内。练习中膝关节疼痛主要发生在屈膝重心下移和屈膝转体运动过程中。练习中膝痛与练习前是否有膝痛高度相关(P<0.001)。准备活动时间不同膝关节疼痛发生率不同(P<0.05)。结论练习前的膝痛是练习过程中膝关节疼痛主要因素。通过提高动作规范,适当增加准备活动时间,加强股四头肌力量,有助于降低练习中膝痛的发生。Objective To know the incidence of the middle-aged and old women tai chi practitioners knee pain.To get the reason of the knee pain.And find the methods to prevent the knee pain.Methods We interview taijiquan coaches and conduct an investigation then interview 252 middle-aged or old women practitioners of tai chi.Including the Age,Tai chi quan exercise time;Preparation time;Prepare activity form;Are there the knee pain before learning tai chi;And are there the knee pain In the process of practicing tai chi chuan;Pain of specific actions;Pain form of exercise,and the reason of knee pain etc.Results The coach said action is not standard is the main cause of knee pain,followed by inadequate preparation and leg strength is insufficient.Questionnaire shows that 89.29%of knee pain occurred in the beginning of a period of the first 6 months.Knee pain during the exercise is mostly on the knees bends and bends to center of gravity down.After the statistical analysis,the knee pain was highly correlate to the time of warm up(P<0.05)and knee pain before they take part in the tai chi exercise(P<0.001).Conclusion The Middle-aged and old women take part in the tai chi exercise can increase the risk of knee pain.By Learning standard action;increasing warm up time;strengthen the quadriceps And treating the original knee pain help to reduce the incidence of knee pain during the process of practice.

关 键 词：太极拳 膝关节 疼痛 发病率 预防 中老年 女性 

分 类 号：R247.3[医药卫生—中医临床基础]