吴莱反对元皇用劣钞逆汰良币(钱)的思想  

Wu Lai's Thought of Opposed to Paper Bill Instead of Metal Currency in Dynasty Yuan

作　　者：沈端民[1] SHEN Duan-min(School of Literature,Hunan University,Changsha Hunan 410079)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学文学院,湖南长沙410079

出　　处：《湖南财政经济学院学报》2018年第2期5-13,共9页Journal of Hunan University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学成果评审委员会立项课题"中国古代文学货币思想史"(项目编号:0806049B)

摘　　要：元朝廷认为"钞乃是上面盖着皇帝印章的纸",象征皇帝的巨大权威。皇帝乃令用纸钞"代替铸币通行于全国"。吴莱认为元纸钞先天不足,是劣质品,有多种顽"弊":印制之纸的质量差,容易破烂腐败;制造工艺简单,容易伪造;流通数量庞巨,难于管理,容易助长官吏贪污受贿等腐败行为。因此,元钞不能胜任充当一切商品的等价物的特殊商品。吴莱同时认为,金属货币(钱)是良币,历史悠久,币材坚固耐用,辗转"抚摩"千万次仍如"瑛鲜",仍能履行货币所有的职能;它又是最坚定的"执行职能"的"符号",高度凝集经济、政治等多种不易消失的内容和因素。因此,"好古"者"收拾""久贮""勿用"的"古钱"具有重要的历史文物价值,甚至可以不断升值。吴莱反对流通劣质的元纸钞而复兴曾经充当维护统治者统治的重要工具、对社会经济发展起了巨大推动作用的、人们喜持乐用的、经得起实践检验的质量优良的金属钱币。The rulers of Dynasty Yuan believed that paper bill symbolized great authority,and made the use of paper bill instead of metal currency.Wu Lai thought that paper bill brought many inefficiencies,such asthe quality is poor,easy to break and corrupt;simple manufacturing process,easy to forge;the circulation is huge,difficult to manage,easy to encourage officials'corruption and other corrupt practices,and he thought paper bill had disadvantages to be the special commodity equivalent of all commodities.At the same time,Wu Lai believed that the metal currency was a fine material and has a long history.Metal currency was a symbol to execute the most reliable public functions,it belonged to the cultural.Therefore,“good ancient”people“clean up”“long storage”“do not use”“ancient money”had important historical cultural value,even can continuously appreciate.In contrast,Wu Lai opposed the policies of paper bill and approved the policies of metal currency which had played a huge role in history,people like to use and can stand the test of practiceof good quality.

关 键 词：吴莱 劣钞 逆汰 良币 

分 类 号：F092.2[经济管理—政治经济学] F129