露水草粉碎粒度和添加水平对日本沼虾生长性能、肝胰腺消化酶活性及非特异性免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Cyanotis arachnoidea C.B. Clarke Grinding Granularity and Supplemental Level on Growth Performance,Hepatopancreas Digestive Enzyme Activities and Nonspecific Immune Indices of Macrobrachium nipponensis

作　　者：张易祥[1] 丁志丽[1] 吴成龙[1] 明建华[1] 杨霞[1] 邵仙萍[1] 孔有琴[1] 叶金云[1] ZHANG Yixiang;DING Zhili;WU Chenglong;MING Jianhua;YANG Xia;SHAO Xianping;KONG Youqin ;YE Jinyun(National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition(Zhejiang),Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,)

机构地区：[1]水生动物繁育与营养国家地方联合工程实验室,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院水生动物繁育与营养重点实验室,湖州师范学院生命科学学院,湖州313000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第4期1396-1405,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31402308);浙江省重大科技专项(2014C02011);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2015C03018);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ14C190004,LY16C190006)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究富含蜕皮激素的露水草(Cyanotis arachnoidea C.B.Clarke)对日本沼虾生长性能、肝胰腺消化酶活性及非特异性免疫指标的影响。试验1:分别将粉碎粒度为10、30、50和180μm的露水草添加到基础饲料(不含露水草)中,并使饲料中蜕皮激素含量均为10 mg/kg;试验2:将粉碎粒度相同(粉碎粒度为180μm)但蜕皮激素含量不同的露水草添加到基础饲料中,使饲料中蜕皮激素含量分别为3.30、6.60、13.20和26.40 mg/kg。将配制的8种试验饲料分别饲喂初始体重为(0.08±0.01)g的日本沼虾,同时试验1和试验2中各设1个饲喂基础饲料的对照组。每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复70尾,试验期60 d。饲养试验结束后对各组日本沼虾进行嗜水气单胞菌感染试验。结果显示:在试验1中,与对照组相比,添加不同粉碎粒度露水草组日本沼虾的特定生长率(SGR)和增重率(WGR)均显著升高(P<0.05),饲料系数(FCR)显著降低(P<0.05);成活率(SR),肝胰腺指数(HSI),肝胰腺胃蛋白酶、类胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性,血细胞总数(THC),血淋巴吞噬活性(HPA)以及血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);各组日本沼虾经嗜水气单胞菌处理后的累积死亡率无显著差异(P>0.05)。在试验2中,与对照组相比,6.60 mg/kg蜕皮激素组和13.20 mg/kg蜕皮激素组的WGR和SGR显著升高(P<0.05),FCR显著降低(P<0.05);26.40 mg/kg蜕皮激素组的W GR、SGR、SR和HPA显著低于对照组(P<0.05),其WGR和SGR也显著低于其他添加露水草组(P<0.05);3.30 mg/kg蜕皮激素组、6.60 mg/kg蜕皮激素组、13.20 mg/kg蜕皮激素组之间W GR和SGR差异不显著(P>0.05);各组日本沼虾的HSI,肝胰腺胃蛋白酶、类胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性,THC以及血浆SOD、AKP活性的差异均不显著(P>0.05);26.4 mg/kg蜕皮激素组经嗜水气单胞菌处理后的累积死亡率与其他组相比显著升高(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加露水草This experiment were conducted to evaluate the effects of Cyanotis arachnoidea C.B.Clarke(C.arachnoidea)which was rich in ecdysone on the growth performance,hepatopancreas digestive enzyme activities and nonspecific immune indices of Macrobrachium nipponensis.In trial 1,C.arachnoidea with different grinding granularities(grinding granularity was 10,30,50 and 180μm,respectively)were added into a basal diet(without C.arachnoidea),and to make the ecdysone content in experimental diets was all 10 mg/kg;in trial 2,C.arachnoidea with the same grinding granularity(grinding granularity was 180μm)at different ecdysone contents were added into the basal diet,and to make the ecdysone content in experimental diets was 3.30,6.60,13.20,26.40 mg/kg,respectively.There were 8 experimental diets were prepared,which were used to fed Macrobrachium nipponensis with the average body weight of(0.08±0.01)g for 60 days.One control group was set in trials 1 and 2,respectively,and Macrobrachium nipponensis in control group were fed the basal diet.Each diet had 3 replicates with 70 shrimps in each replicate.After the feeding experiment,the prawns were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.The results showed as follows:in the trial 1,compared with the control group,the weight gain rate(WGR),specific growth rate(SGR)in the groups with different grinding granularities of C.arachnoidea were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio(FCR)was significantly decreased(P<0.05);there were no significant differences in the survival rate(SR),hepatopancreas index(HSI),the activities of pepsin,tryptase and amylase in hepatopancreas,total hemocyte count(THC),haemolymph phagocytic(HPA),the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and alkaline phosphatase(AKP)in plasma among all groups(P>0.05);the cumulative mortality was not significantly different among all groups after treatment with Aeromonas hydrophila(P>0.05).In the trial 2,compared with the control group,the WGR and SGR in the 6.60 and 13.20 mg/kg ecdysone groups were significantly

关 键 词：露水草 日本沼虾 生长 消化酶 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]