基于地学信息图谱的深圳湾湿地景观变化分析  

Analysis of Wetland Landscape Changes in the Shenzhen Bay Based on Geo-Information TUPU

作　　者：陈志云[1,2] 牛安逸 徐颂军[1] 马姣娇 Chen Zhiyun;Niu Anyi;Xu Songjun;Ma Jiaojiao(School of Geography,South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631;School of Geography Science and Tourism,Jiaying University Meizhou 514015)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631 [2]嘉应学院地理科学与旅游学院,梅州514015

出　　处：《林业科学》2018年第3期168-176,共9页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41271060)

摘　　要：【目的】基于地学信息图谱理论和方法,构建湿地景观变化图谱,分析研究区变化特征和规律,为研究区生态环境合理利用和可持续发展提供决策支持。【方法】运用地学信息图谱方法、GIS和RS技术,利用ENVI5.2软件对经过预处理的影像进行监督分类,采集深圳湾1987、1999和2015年3期空间数据,在Arc GIS软件中转换数据格式,选择地图代数功能合成系列景观变化信息图谱,定量分析深圳湾湿地时空变化情况,讨论该区26年间湿地景观变化特征。【结果】1)1987—1999年,从图谱单元排序来看,水体和基围退化明显,其中水体变滩涂最大,面积为257.22 hm^2,占所有变化面积的12.9%,其次是基围变建成区,面积为192.69 hm^2,占所有变化面积的9.6%,这些变化主要分布在深圳湾西北部和东北部;从转移矩阵来看,建成区和裸地面积分别增加573.66和296.01 hm^2,变化率分别为148.34%和133.27%,主要来源于基围、水体和滩涂等。2)1999—2015年,从图谱单元排序来看,滩涂、水体和裸地退化明显,主要表现为滩涂变水体、水体变建成区,面积均约407 hm^2,各占所有变化面积的18.9%,其次是裸地变建成区,面积约357 hm^2,占所有变化面积的16.6%,这些变化主要分布在福田红树林自然保护区、南油片区和华侨城片区等地;从转移矩阵来看,红树林和绿地面积分别增加59.4和371.25 hm^2,变化率分别为80.88%和92.99%,其中红树林主要来源于建成区、基围和绿地,绿地主要来源于建成区、水体和裸地。3)1987—2015年,建成区、裸地、绿地和红树林涨势明显,其中建成区增加的图谱单元最多,面积约为1 471 hm^2,占总新增面积的55.20%;滩涂、水体和基围等落势明显,转移面积达2 104.65 hm^2,占总减少面积的79.00%;红树林增加部分面积与稳定部分相比约2∶1,表明该区域的红树林面积增加较快,主要分布在福田红树林保护区。【结论】采用地学信息图谱�【Objective】Geo-information TUPU can express spatial structure feature and temporal dynamics function.With this theory and method,we can construct wetland landscape change TUPU,and analyze the characteristics and laws of the study area,to provide decision support for the rational use and sustainable development of ecological environment.【Method】In this paper,the research is conducted based on the geo-information TUPU analytic method.By using the ENVI software to do supervised classification and ArcGIS software to do data format conversion and map algebra,the authors have compounded a series of varying TUPU of the wetland landscape by using spatial data covering three periods(1987,1999 and 2015)in the Shenzhen Bay.We can comprehend the changes of wetland landscape in the Shenzhen Bay.【Result】The result shows that great changes have taken place on the wetland landscape in this bay during the past 26 years.1)From the table which was TUPU unit order of wetland landscape change from 1987 to 1999 in the Shenzhen Bay,water area and base around the pond were declining most and significantly.The area of water being changed to tidal flats was 257.22 hm 2 and 12.9%of all changes in the area.The area of bare land being changed to built-up was 192.69 hm 2 and 9.6%of all changes in the area.Both tow landscapes were mainly in the northwest and northeast of the Shenzhen Bay.From the table which was conversion matrix of wetland landscape from 1987 to 1999 in the Shenzhen Bay,the increasing area of built-up area and bare land were 573.66 hm 2 and 296.01 hm 2,and the rate of change were 148.34%and 133.27%,which mainly became from base around the pond,water area and tidal flats and so on.2)From the table which was TUPU unit order of wetland landscape change from 1999 to 2015 in the Shenzhen Bay,tidal flats,water area and bare land were declining significantly.The tidal flats became water area and water area became built-up area were most obvious,their change area both were about 407 hm 2 and 18.9%of all changes in the are

关 键 词：湿地 景观 地学信息图谱 深圳湾 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]