三沙市温差能电站潜在站址选划分析  

An analysis on the potential site of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) in Sansha

作　　者：白杨[1] 张松[1] 汪小勇[1] 杜敏[1] BAI Yang;ZHANG Song;WANG Xiao-yong;DU Min(National Ocean Technology Center,Tianjin 300112,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋技术中心天津300112

出　　处：《海洋通报》2018年第2期230-234,共5页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院海洋环流与波动重点实验室开放研究基金(KLOCW1606);海洋可再生能源基金(GHME2016ZC04;GHME2017ZC04);基于CORA资料的南海温差能资源评估。

摘　　要：本文基于Nihous等人的方法利用WOA13海洋再分析资料针对三沙市所属几个重要海岛进行了温差能电站站址选划工作。研究表明南中国海温差能资源十分丰富,且功率密度的年变化很小,资源稳定性良好。综合考虑到温差能资源开发所涉及的温差、水深地形、离岸距离、环境影响以及社会经济等指标,本文在三沙市重点岛礁中优选出4个具有潜在开发价值的温差能潜在站址,并进行了详细的资源评估。结果显示:4个电站表层暖水温度介于24℃~28℃之间,年平均值为26℃,1 000 m水深冷水温度约为4℃,表层暖水与1 000 m水深处年平均温差约为22℃,冬季最低为20℃,夏季最高为26℃。温差达20℃时的水深分布情况显示,冷水可获取深度约为500~600 m,离岸距离均在10 km以内。在设计输出功率为10MW的前提下,年净输出功率均在10~19 MW之间,每年发电80GWh并输出22 000 m^3淡水。The South China Sea(SCS)is characterized by warm tropical and subtropical water with the surface temperature around 24-30℃throughout the year,which makes it a suitable region for the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion(OTEC).In this study,the OTEC resources over the entire SCS are assessed following Nihous'method based on the most recent World Ocean Atlas data(2013).Through the analysis of the temperature difference,the offshore distance and the bathymetrical and socio-economical characteristics,the area around the Sansha city is found to be ideal for the implementation of OTEC operations,where the temperature difference between the warm surface and 1 000 m depth always ranges from 20℃(in winter)to 26℃(in summer)and the cold water intake depth is about 500-600 m within a short offshore distance of 10 km.Under present conditions and standardized OTEC operations,four candidate sites that are suitable for OTEC power plants are selected around this area.With a 10 MW designed power output of OTEC facility,all of the four candidate sites can yield an annual gross electrical power of 13-22 MW and 10-19 MW net power.And these plants could produce about 80 GWh of electricity per year and about 22 000 cubic meters of desalinized water per day.

关 键 词：温差能发电 南中国海 三沙市 

分 类 号：P743.4[天文地球—海洋科学]