高分子表面金属化技术  

Polymer surface metallization technology

作　　者：姚卫国[1] 鲁姗姗 窦艳丽[1] 管东波[1] 王晓伟 YAO Weiguo;LU Shanshan;DOU Yanli;GUAN Dongbo;WANG Xiaowei(Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学材料科学与工程学院,教育部汽车材料重点实验室,吉林长春130025

出　　处：《化工进展》2018年第5期1852-1859,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划(20150301002GX)及长春市科技计划(15SS15)项目。

摘　　要：高分子表面金属化是对高分子材料表面进行改性处理使其具有良好物理性能、力学性能及金属光泽的表面技术,广泛应用于高分子导电、薄膜修饰、电磁屏蔽等领域。本文综述了高分子表面金属化的两大类技术方法,即干法镀膜和湿法镀膜。介绍了几种典型的表面处理技术,如真空镀膜、喷涂金属转移法、化学镀、化学还原金属化以及电镀,并总结了它们的技术特点以及在科学研究和工业生产应用中的难点。阐明了从传统电镀技术发展而来的高分子表面直接电镀工艺的优势,直接电镀工艺省去了电镀前的活化工序,缩短了工艺时间,避免了电镀前工艺对环境造成的污染,成为高分子表面金属化技术发展的新方向。Polymer surface metallization modifies the surface of polymer materials to provide them with good physical properties,mechanical properties and metallic luster.As a new surface treatment process,the surface metallization of polymer is widely used in the fields of polymer conduction,film modification,electromagnetic shielding and so on.Two technical methods of surface metallization of polymers,namely dry coating and wet coating,are reviewed in this paper.Several typical surface treatment techniques,such as vacuum coating,metal spray transfer,electroless plating,chemical reduction metallization and electroplating,are introduced.The technical characteristics of these techniques and the difficulties of their application in scientific research and industrial production are summarized.The advantage of direct electroplating on polymer surface which is developed from the traditional electroplating process is elucidated.Direct electroplating technology eliminates the activation procedure before plating,shortens the process time,avoids the pollution caused by the preplating process,and thus has become a new direction for the development of polymer surface metallization technology.

关 键 词：高分子 表面 沉积物 电化学 膜 

分 类 号：TQ153.3[化学工程—电化学工业] O646[理学—物理化学]