天津于桥水库沉积物磷赋存特征及其环境意义  

Environmental significance of phosphorus existing forms in the sediments of Yuqiao Reservoir in Tianjin

作　　者：江雪 文帅龙[1,3] 姚书春 郑小兰[1,3] 康得军[2] 钟继承 JIANG Xue;WEN Shuailong;YAO Shuchun;ZHENG Xiaolan;KANG Dejun;ZHONG Jicheng(State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,P.R.China;College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350000,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]福州大学土木工程学院,福州350000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2018年第3期628-639,共12页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371457;41771516);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07113001);天津市水务局于桥水库专项联合资助

摘　　要：研究天津于桥水库沉积物中磷形态的空间分布特征和垂直分布特征对了解水源型水库富营养化现状及其过程具有重要的现实意义.利用抓斗式采泥器及柱状采泥器分别采集表层沉积物样品及柱状沉积物样品,采用Psenner提出的连续提取法对沉积物磷形态进行分级测定,揭示整个水库沉积物各形态磷的空间分布特征以及不同区域垂直方向上的分布规律.结果表明:于桥水库表层沉积物总磷(TP)含量为303.7~997.8 mg/kg,各形态磷含量大小顺序依次为:钙结合态磷(Ca-P)>铁结合态磷(Fe-P)>残渣态磷(Res-P)>铝结合态磷(Al-P)>有机态磷(Org-P)>可交换态磷(Ex-P).表层沉积物中Fe-P、Al-P、Ca-P与TP含量由东至西逐渐递减,主要受到黎河河水夹带的外源性磷输入的影响;Res-P含量由东至西逐渐递增,与活性磷的分布规律相反,表明水库下游比上游的水质更好.垂直分布上,南部区域底层与表层沉积物相差不大,说明从1960s以来磷的沉积量就比较大;西部区域沉积物中Fe-P和Org-P含量较高,随深度的增加有明显降低的趋势;中心区域的各形态磷和TP含量均较低,且随着深度增加逐渐降低,现阶段沉积物中的磷以滞留为主,释放潜力较小.It is of great significance to study the status of eutrophication and its process in water source reservoirs by analyzing the spatial and vertical distribution characteristics of phosphorus forms in the sediment of Yuqiao Reservoir in Tianjin.The samples of surface sediments and sediment cores were collected by grab-type sampler and column-type sampler,respectively,and the phosphorus forms of sediments were analyzed by continuous extraction method proposed by Psenner,in order to reveal the spatial distribution of various forms of phosphorus in the reservoir,as well as the distribution in the vertical direction of different regions.The results showed:The contents of total phosphorus in the surface sediments of Yuqiao Reservoir were 303.7-997.8 mg/kg,and the order of the mass fraction of phosphorus forms was:Ca-P>Fe-P>Res-P>Al-P>Org-P>Ex-P.The Fe-P,Al-P,Ca-P and TP in the surface sediments gradually decreased from east to west,mainly affected by the input of exogenous phosphorus entrained by the Lihe River.The Res-P is gradually increasing from east to west,contrary to the distribution of active phosphorus,indicating that the water quality in the downstream of the reservoir is better than that in the upstream.For the vertical distribution,there is little difference between the bottom sediments and the surface sediments in the southern region,which indicates that the deposition amount of phosphorus is relatively large since the 1960s;and the Fe-P and Org-P contents in the western sediments are higher,and the trend is significantly reduced as the depth increases.The various forms of phosphorus and TP contents in the central area are almost the lowest,and gradually decrease with the depth,phosphorus in the sediments at this stage is mainly retained with small release potential.

关 键 词：于桥水库 沉积物 磷形态 分布 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]