塞拉利昂军队医院医护人员锐器伤的现状调查与分析  

Investigation of Sharp Injuries among Healthcare Workers in the Military Hospital of Sierra Leone

作　　者：秦玉玲[1] 张巍[1] 宋兵[2] 米来[1] 李雷[1] 周越塑[1] Qin Yuling;Zhang Wei;Song Bing;Mi Lai;Li Lei;Zhou Yuesu(Emergency Department of ICU,302 Military Hospital of China,Beijing 100039,China;Infectious Disease and Treatment CenterⅢ,302 Military Hospital of China)

机构地区：[1]解放军第302医院重症医学中心急诊科,北京100039 [2]解放军第302医院感染性疾病与诊疗研究中心三科

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2018年第6期36-40,共5页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的了解塞拉利昂军队(简称塞军)医院医护人员锐器伤的发生情况,并分析其原因,以加强对塞军医护人员的职业安全教育,提高其职业防护意识,确保医院工作人员职业安全。方法 2016年12月,采用自制问卷对塞军第34医院190名医护人员展开有关锐器伤的调查,主要包括调查对象的基本情况,是否参加过锐器处理职业培训,锐器伤发生次数、时机、锐器类型、处理情况,导致锐器伤的原因等。结果 54.2%的医护人员接受过锐器处理培训。51.1%的医护人员在过去一年内受过锐器伤,共级176次。塞军医护人员认为锐器伤多发生在重套针帽和掰安瓿之时,分别占56.8%和52.1%。五岁以下儿童健康中心、军人医务室、检验科和病理科锐器发生率均在80%以上。原因多为操作仓促、不熟练或不规范及照明不足。工作科室为五岁以下儿童健康中心(P=0.013,OR=9.874)是锐器伤发生的危险因素;参加过锐器处理职业培训(P=0.015,OR=0.422)是锐器伤发生的保护因素。结论塞军医护人员锐器伤防护意识和水平较低,应加强相应培训,医院应健全锐器伤软硬件建设,以减少其职业暴露风险。Objective To understand the current situation of sharp injuries among the healthcare workers(HCWs)in the military hospital of Sierra Leone,and analyze its causes,in order to improve the occupational safety education to Sierra Leone HCWs,and their occupation protection awareness,thus to ensure the safety of HCWs in hospital.Methods During December 2016,190 HCWS were investigated by using self-designed questionnaire on sharp injuries,including demographic data,participation in training on sharp injuries protection,frequnecies,time,types and causes of sharp injuries and how to deal with them.Results Among 190 HCWs,54.2%ever received related training on sharp injuries and 51.1%reported that they had been injured by medical sharps in the past year,with a total of 176 times.Sharp injuries were more likely to happen when nurses recapped the needle or broke the ampoule,accounting for 56.8%and 52.1%respectively.The incidence of sharp injuries in department of under five children wellness centre,laboratory and pathology department was all above 80%and the main reasons were hurried,unskilled or non-standard operation,inadequate lighting in work place.The under five children wellness center(P=0.013,OR=9.874)was the risk factor and having received specific training was the protective factor(P=0.015,OR=0.422)of sharp injury.Conclusion The health workers’protection awareness and abilities of sharp injuries is quite poor.Specific education and training should be strengthened and adequate supply of related facilities should be improved in order to reduce the risk of occupational exposure of HCWs in Sierra Leone.

关 键 词：医护人员 锐器伤 职业暴露安全 塞拉利昂 

分 类 号：R149[医药卫生—军事预防医学]