河南烟草镰刀菌的分子鉴定及致病性分析  

Molecular identification and pathogenicity analysis of tobacco Fusarium spp. in Henan

作　　者：邱睿[1] 白静科 李成军[1] 李淑君[1] 李小杰[1] 陈玉国[1] 胡亚静[1] 刘东升[1] QIU Rui;BAI Jingke;LI Chengjun;LI Shujun;LI Xiaojie;CHEN Yuguo;HU Yajing;LIU Dongsheng(Tobacco Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory for Green Preservation&Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area,Xuchang 461000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,烟草行业黄淮烟区烟草病虫害绿色防控重点实验室,河南省许昌市461000

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2018年第2期129-134,共6页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：河南省农业科学院自主创新专项基金项目“烟草真菌类病害的采集、分离及快速检测体系的建立”(2017ZC21);河南省2017年财政预算项目“烟草真菌类病害快速检测体系的建立”(豫财预【2017】76-6);河南省烟草公司科学研究与技术开发重点项目“河南烟草病虫害绿色防控关键技术研究与应用”(201741000027063)

摘　　要：为明确河南省不同烟叶产区危害烟草的镰刀菌种类,以河南省烟叶产区典型镰刀菌根腐病烟株及烟田土壤为供试样品,采用组织分离法和土壤分离法获得纯化菌株,根据菌株形态和r DNA-ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定,并采用无创接种法测定病原菌对烟草的致病性。结果表明,获得的98个菌株在PDA培养基上均产生白色菌丝,大型分生孢子呈镰刀形或马特形,无色、多孢;小型分生孢子呈肾形、椭圆形或卵形,无色、多无分隔。序列比对结果显示,所分离的98株菌分属尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solani)、层出镰刀菌(Fusarium proliferatum)、木贼镰刀菌(Fusarium equiseti)和Fusarium nematophilum。致病性分析结果表明,尖孢镰刀菌、茄病镰刀菌、层出镰刀菌和木贼镰刀菌对烟苗具有致病性;48株致病菌中豫南烟区烟草镰刀菌根腐病致病性病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌、层出镰刀菌和木贼镰刀菌,以尖孢镰刀菌为主;豫中为尖孢镰刀菌;豫东、豫西为茄病镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌。因此,尖孢镰刀菌为全省烟区重点防控对象,豫南烟区还需加强层出镰刀菌和木贼镰刀菌的防控,豫东、豫西需防范茄病镰刀菌的发生。To identify Fusarium species in different tobacco producing areas of Henan province,tobacco plants with typical symptoms of fusarium root rot and field soil were sampled to isolate pathogens by tissue separation method and soil separation method.Pure strains were identified by morphological characteristics and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis,and their pathogenicities were determined by noninvasive inoculation method.Morphological observation showed that on PDA medium,all of the 98 purified stains produced white hyphae,macroconidium was sickle or matt in shape,colorless and multi-cell;microconidium was reniform,ovoid or oval in shape,colorless and most of them were single-cell.Sequence alignment indicated that the 98 isolated strains were Fusarium oxysporum,Fusarium solani,Fusarium proliferatum,Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium nematophilum.Pathogenicity analysis showed that 48 strains were pathogenic to tobacco seedlings,which were F.oxysporum,F.solani,F.proliferatum and F.equiseti.In Southern Henan,th e pathogen of fusarium root rot were F.oxysporum,F.proliferatum and F.equiseti,with F.oxysporum the predominant pathogen.F.oxysporum was the pathogenic fungi in Centrol Henan,and F.solani and F.oxysporum were the pathogenic stains in Eastern and Western Henan.Therefore,F.oxysporum was the key prevention and control objects in all tobacco planting area of Hennan province,and control of F.proliferatum and F.proliferatum need to be strengthened in Southern Henan,and strict precautions measure be taken against the occurrence of F.solani.in Eastern and Western Henan.

关 键 词：河南省 烟草 镰刀菌 分子鉴定 致病性 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]