农村生活垃圾半连续式厌氧消化产沼气性能及H_2S含量控制  

Biogas production and H_2S content control on semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of rural solid waste

作　　者：詹咏[1] 黄婷 董滨[2] 熊丹 张焕焕[1] Zhan Yong;Huang Ting;Dong Bin;Xiong Dan;Zhang Huanhuan(School of Environment and Architecture,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第8期206-213,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402504);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51578397)国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279108);上海市科技人才计划项目(17XD1420500);上海张江国家自主创新示范区专项发展资金(201701-YP-C1086-021);上海大学生创新创业训练计划(SH2017127);中德联合试验室项目(56-16-307-201);上海市科委基础研究重大项目(13DJ1400105)

摘　　要：为探究农村生活垃圾厌氧消化过程及对H_2S产量的抑制,采用半连续完全混合式反应器,对农村生活垃圾进行半连续式厌氧消化试验,分析在不同有机负荷下厌氧消化系统中有机质的降解性能、产气性能及稳定性,确定生活垃圾厌氧消化最佳有机负荷。同时设计生活垃圾与浓缩污泥不同配比的序批式厌氧消化试验,观察沼气中H_2S含量的变化。研究结果表明:有机负荷为4 g/(L·d)时,产甲烷率上升最为显著,系统稳定运行且生活垃圾的有机质利用率较高;随着浓缩污泥添加量的增加,H_2S含量降低明显,当生活垃圾与浓缩污泥的VS质量比(VSRSW∶VSCS)为1∶0.25,1∶0.5,1∶0.75时,H_2S的降解率分别达到85.15%,88.18%,96.20%。生活垃圾与浓缩污泥的成分分析得出2种物料的金属含量并无明显差异,但浓缩污泥中的腐殖质含量远远高于生活垃圾,进而判断污泥中的腐殖质含量一定程度的影响厌氧消化系统中H_2S的产量。The treatment and disposal technology of rural solid waste(RSW)through anaerobic digestion has become a hot research at home and abroad.However,the generation of foul odors,especially H2S,seriously affects the utilization rate of biogas and the service life of equipment,and causes environmental pollution during the anaerobic digestion process.This paper made an in-depth study on the anaerobic digestion of rural solid waste and the inhibition of H2S production.Completely stirred tank anaerobic reactors were used to carry out anaerobic digestion experiments on rural solid waste.The effects of different organic loading rate(OLR)on the degradation performance,gas production and stability of the anaerobic digestion system were studied,to find the optimum organic loading rate of anaerobic digestion of rural solid waste.At the same time,in order to reduce the H2S content of the malodorous gas produced by the anaerobic digestion process,the batch anaerobic digestion experiment with different proportions of solid waste and concentrated sludge(CS)was designed to observe the changes of H2S content in biogas.The results show that when the organic loading rate is 3 to 6 g/(L·d),the anaerobic digestion of the solid waste in the reactor can be stably operated,and the balance between the acid-producing phase and the methanogenic phase can be achieved.When the organic loading rate is 7 g/(L·d),the methane production rate is reduced to 325 mL/g and the volatiles solid degradation rate is 62.55%.At this time,the VFAS/TA is maintained between 0.4 and 0.8,and acidification may occur not very stable.Until the organic loading rate increased to 8 g/(L·d),the pH value decreased significantly,volatile fatty acid increased sharply,and the system started to run rancid and could not be operated stably.When the organic loading rate is 4 g/(L·d),the microbial degradation of the added solid waste is relatively sufficient,and the utilization rate of microorganisms is relatively high.Therefore,the increase of methane production is the most si

关 键 词：垃圾 发酵 沼气 有机负荷率 硫化氢(H2S) 腐殖酸 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]