发酵床对圈养山魈(Mandrillus sphinx)行为的影响  

Effects of Fermentation Bed Enrichment on Time Budgets of Captive Mandrill( Mandrillus sphinx) Behaviors

作　　者：何静 王爱善[2] 滕丽微[1,3] 张致荣 刘振生[1,3] He Jing;Wang Aishan;Teng Liwei;Zhang Zhirong;Liu Zhensheng(College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Shanghai Zoo,Shanghai,200335,China;Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology,State Forestry Administration,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]上海动物园,上海200335 [3]国家林业局野生动物保护学重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2018年第2期265-270,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2572014CA03;DL13EA01);上海市绿化和市容管理局资助项目(JB100404)

摘　　要：2013年12月1日～2014年2月1日,以上海动物园繁殖场内的11只山魈(Mandrillus sphinx)为研究对象,分为2组做发酵床丰容对照实验,实验组山魈4只,对照组山魈7只,分析了发酵床垫料对圈养山魈活动行为比例的影响。发酵床的垫料分别由木屑、米糠、黄土组成,投放比例为5∶4∶1。结果表明,在有丰容设施时,山魈的休息行为和刻板行为明显减少,摄食和玩耍行为明显增加,与预期结果一致。在对丰容设施的利用上,增加的丰容垫料设施有效地促进了山魈对垫料的利用。实验组山魈的垫料活动行为包括探究、咀嚼、嬉戏和坐息行为,分别占垫料活动总行为的49%、23%、8%和20%,其中探究行为所占行为比例最高。对照组山魈的主要行为为休息行为,占该组总行为的52.01%,实验组的主要行为为其他行为,占该组总行为的51.53%。From December 21,2013 to February 1,2014,we studied the effects of substrate enrichment by replacement of concrete with a mix of wood chips,rice bran,and soil(a biobed or fermentation bed)in an enclosure for mandrill(Mandrillus sphinx)at Shanghai Zoo Breeding Center.Our objective was to quantify the effects of this change on behavior time budgets.We assigned eleven mandrills to two groups,4 in the experimental group(ground enriched by fermentation bed),and 7 in the control group(concrete substrate).Materials used in the fermentation bed included wood chips,rice bran,and loess soil at a ratio of 5∶4∶1.After enrichment,the time budgeted for resting and stereotypic behavior decreased significantly,while the time budgeted for eating and playing increased significantly.These results were consistent with our expectations.Increasing the complexity of environmental enrichment equipment helped mandrills make use of the enrichment equipment effectively.The other behaviors of the mandrills in the experimental group included inquiring,chewing,playing,and sitting,which accounted for 49%,23%,8%and 20%of the total activities on the bedding.The major activity of control mandrills was resting behavior,accounting for 52%.During the substrate enrichment experiment,mandrills spent more time on other behaviors and less time in locomotion.

关 键 词：发酵床 垫料 环境丰容 山魈 行为比例 圈养 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]