武汉城区燕子繁殖调查研究  

Study of Swallows Nesting in Urban Areas of Wuhan City

作　　者：植飞 杨天乐 张东兵 颜军 Zhi Fei;Yang Tianle;Zhang Dongbing;Yan Jun(School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan,430023,China;Wuhan Bird Watching Society,Wuhan,430071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学生物与制药工程学院,武汉430023 [2]武汉市观鸟协会,武汉430071

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2018年第2期334-339,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

摘　　要：对武汉市9个城区的家燕(Hirundo rustica)和金腰燕(Hirundo daurica)展开繁殖调查,以了解家燕和金腰燕在武汉市的繁殖分布、繁殖生境、繁殖种群数量及繁殖受胁原因等情况。调查采用系统搜寻法并根据亲鸟行为寻巢,用数码相机拍摄记录相关影像资料。计数为直接计数法,精确到个位数,对家燕和金腰燕的燕巢及成鸟、雏鸟分别计数。结果发现燕巢675个,燕子1354只。在燕巢区域分布上,汉阳区的燕巢分布数量远远高于其他城区且集中在墨水湖地区,家燕和金腰燕的巢数比例约为2∶1。在繁殖生境上,燕巢绝大多数分布在住家一楼室外的前檐和悬梁上,其所在墙壁多为石灰材质。在繁殖的种群数量和分布上,家燕的范围明显大于金腰燕。城中村改造和幼鸟粪便对巢下地面的污染是导致燕巢被破坏,繁殖失败的主要原因。可见燕子在城区的繁殖较山区更为艰难,应对其加强保护。We studied the distribution,breeding habitat,reproduction and threats to reproduction of barn swallow(Hirundo rustica)and red-rumped swallow(Hirundo daurica)in Wuhan city.Our study area covered 9 urban areas of Wuhan.We used systematic methods to search for nests based on observed behaviors of adult birds.We recorded video and still photographs by use of digital cameras.The numbers of swallows at nest sites were counted.The numbers of nests,adult birds,and juveniles were separately counted.In total,675 nests and 1354 swallows were recorded.The number of nests in Hanyang district was far higher than in other urban areas,and the nests were concentrated in the Moshui Lake area.Barn swallow nests were twice as abundant as nests of red-rumped swallow.Most of the nests were built at the outdoor eaves and cantilevered overhangs at the first floor of buildings whose wall material was lime.Numbers of breeding barn swallow and their geographic distribution were both significantly greater than for red-rumped swallow.Nest destruction was mainly caused by urban re-development and measures to reduce the pollution resulting from feces of juvenal swallows.Threats to swallow reproduction are more numerous in cities than in undeveloped mountain areas.It is necessary to strengthen the protection of swallows in urban areas.

关 键 词：家燕 金腰燕 繁殖分布 繁殖生境 繁殖种群数量 繁殖受胁 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]