中国象牙禁贸政策对其野生动物执法成本的影响  

Discussion on China's Wildlife Enforcement Cost Wave Under its Ivory Ban Policy

作　　者：姜南[1] 王邱文 Jiang Nan;Wang Qiuwen(Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing,210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京森林警察学院,南京210023

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2018年第2期438-441,共4页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家林业软科学项目"打击跨国野生动物犯罪管理体制研究"(2016-R03);江苏省社科基金项目"生态文明制度改革视野下的象牙贸易犯罪治理研究"(15FXD002)

摘　　要：中国的象牙商业性禁贸政策是中国为保护野生大象种群、维护生物多样性的新举措;野生动物执法成本则是影响象牙商业性禁贸政策目标实现与否的关键因素之一。从长远考察,该政策将遏制非法象牙贸易的发生进而降低野生动物执法成本;但在该政策实施初期,由于合法象牙供应的消失,会导致部分象牙需求可能转向非法象牙贸易,从而刺激非法象牙贸易反弹,最终导致野生动物执法成本增加。因此,在象牙商业性禁贸政策实施初期,增加野生动物执法人员培训、执法设备购置、执法专项行动、国际合作等成本是必要的,而且这部分成本也可应用在打击其他野生动物犯罪当中,以提高相关执法资源的配置与使用效率。An ivory trade ban is a new action of China to protect wild elephant populations and to conserve biodiversity.The cost of wildlife law enforcement is a key factor in achieving the goal of the ivory trade ban.From a long-term perspective,the ivory trade ban will restrain illegal ivory trafficking,and thereby reduce the cost of wildlife law enforcement.However,at the onset of implementation,disappearance of legal inventories of ivory would drive the demand to pursue illegal ivory and stimulate the rebound of illegal ivory trafficking.This could lead to increases in wildlife law enforcement costs.Therefore,it is necessary to increase the budget for the personnel training,equipment,specific law enforcement actions,and international cooperation of wildlife law enforcement.The enhanced capacities in enforcing the ivory trade ban will have synergistic benefits for law enforcement for other species and will improve the allocation and efficiency of law enforcement resources.

关 键 词：象牙商业性禁贸 野生动物执法 执法成本 中国 

分 类 号：F746[经济管理—国际贸易]