哈尔滨5个宗教建筑广场声景评价中宗教信仰的影响  

The influence of religious belief in the soundscape evaluation of five ecclesiastical architecture squares in Harbin

作　　者：洪昕晨[1] 张皓 吴姝婷 王欣 潘明慧[1] 兰思仁[1] HONG Xinchen;ZHANG Hao;WU Shuting;WANG Xin;PAN Minghui;LAN Siren(College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园林学院,福州350002

出　　处：《应用声学》2018年第4期575-581,共7页Journal of Applied Acoustics

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD15B00);国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心开放课题项目(PTJH1500217);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2017467;CXZX2017391)

摘　　要：为探究宗教信仰是否影响人对宗教建筑广场声景的心理感受,该研究基于声景生态学对声景元素的分类,通过模糊层次综合评价法构建由地球物理声、生物声和人工声3个准则层元素和16个指标层元素组成的宗教建筑广场声景评价体系。以哈尔滨市的5个教堂为例,对有宗教信仰和无宗教信仰的游客和居民进行调查。结果表明:有无宗教信仰的受访者对宗教建筑广场声景总体评价的结果分别为很好和较好;在准则层中,地球物理声的评价结果皆为较好,生物声的评价结果皆在一般及以上,而人工声则与生物声相反;有宗教信仰的受访者对除昆虫鸣叫声外的生物声景的评价等级均比无宗教信仰的受访者高一级,对广场广播声的评价等级比无宗教信仰的受访者低一级,其余指标的评价结果均一致。评价结果符合实际,为今后宗教建筑广场声景评价研究提供了有效方法。To explore whether religious belief affects the psychological feelings of people on the soundscape of the religious building squares,this study is based on the classification of soundscape elements in soundscape ecology,builts the evaluation system of the soundscape of the religious building squares,which is composed of 3 criteria layer elements of geophonies,biophonies and anthrophonies and 16 index level elements.Take 5 churches in Harbin,for example,to investigate tourists and residents with and without religious belief.The results show that the interviewees with religious belief have a good result of the overall evaluation of the soundscape of religious building squares,and the results of somebody without religious belief are not bad.In the criteria layer,the evaluation results of the geophonies are all good,and the results of the biophonies evaluation are all in general and above,while the anthrophonies’s is contrary to the biophonies’s.The interviewees with religious belief have a higher level of biophonies evaluation than those without religious belief,except the insects’chirp,and the rating level of the square broadcasting noise is lower than those without religious belief,and the results of the other indicators are all consistent.The evaluation results accord with the actual situation and provide an effective method for the future study of the soundscape of religious building squares.

关 键 词：声景 宗教建筑 广场 环境声学 

分 类 号：TU986.5[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X827[环境科学与工程—环境工程]