人工智能在反恐活动中的应用、影响及风险  

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Counter-terrorism Activities:Risks and Impact

作　　者：傅瑜[1,2] 陈定定 FU Yu;CHEN Dingding

机构地区：[1]暨南大学21世纪丝绸之路研究院 [2]海国图智研究院,广州510000 [3]暨南大学国际关系学院,广州510000

出　　处：《国际展望》2018年第4期119-137,157,共20页Global Review

基　　金：本文是国家社会科学基金重点项目“海外中国公民利益保护机制研究”(16AZZ016)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：随着反恐形势的日益严峻与人工智能技术的日趋成熟,人工智能在反恐领域已经部分应用到反恐活动中。具体而言,人工智能辅助控制了恐怖组织信息的传播,促进了反恐信息的开发和利用,提升了对恐怖活动的预测能力,也促进了智能武器的开发。此外,人工智能技术已经成为国家反恐战略的重要组成部分,在反恐资源融合、反恐活动主体及反恐合作方式方面革新了传统反恐领域的基本规则,也从法律、道德和心理角度影响了人类反恐活动的展开。但与此同时,反恐视野下人工智能手段的开发和利用在准确性、公平性和伦理道德方面仍面临风险。未来人工智能技术在计算机视觉、自然语言处理等方面可能迎来速度和质量上的飞跃,人工智能武器的开发也将继续,人工智能领域很可能成为未来反恐力量与恐怖组织的角逐场。With technological development,AI has been applied in counter-terrorism activities.To be specific,AI helps to control the spread of terroristic information,promote the utilization of anti-terrorist information,improve the"forecast"of terrorist activities as well as promote the development of smart weapons.From a wider perspective,AI has triggered a revolution in traditional basic rules in the field of counter-terrorism.It has become a significant component of the national counter-terrorism strategy and invokes changes in resource integration,anti-terrorism activity organization and anti-terrorism cooperation.Furthermore,AI impacts the way people perceive counter-terrorism from the point of law,morality and psychology.Even though,the development and utilization of AI tools still face risks in terms of accuracy,fairness and ethics.In the future,AI’s progress in computer vision and natural language processing will further promotes the development of smart weapons.AI is becoming the arena where anti-terrorism forces wrestle with terrorist groups.

关 键 词：人工智能 深度学习 反恐 系统性影响 潜在风险 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系] TP18[政治法律—政治学]