16种观赏植物对锦鲤工厂化循环水养殖水体污染物的净化作用研究  

A study of the purification effects of 16 spieces of ornamental plants on the pollutants in the Cyprinus carpio industrialized recirculating culture waters

作　　者：贾成霞[1] 辛支明 曲疆奇[1] 刘盼[1] 杨慕[1] 张清靖[1] JIA Chengxia;XIN Zhiming;QU Jiangqi;LIU Pan;YANG Mu;ZHANG Qingjing(Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology,Beijing Fisheries Research Institute,Beijing 100068,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水产科学研究所渔业生物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100068 [2]四川农业大学动物科技学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2018年第3期1-8,共8页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(20161502-3);北京市现代农业产业技术体系项目(BAIC08-2018)

摘　　要：为筛选适合锦鲤工厂化循环水养殖水体污染物高效净化的浮床植物,研究了16种观赏植物的生长特性及其对水体中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、汞(Hg)和铅(Pb)的净化能力。研究发现:16种植物株高、根长、生物量均明显增加,对上述这些污染物均有较好的富集去除作用。不同植物中污染物含量差异较大,莲花竹中TN含量最高,都为(2.82±0.10)%,花叶万年青和红掌中TP含量最高,为(0.41±0.01)%;千屈菜中Cu、Zn和Pb含量均最高;彩叶草中Hg含量最高。花叶芦竹和黄菖蒲对TN和TP的累积量最高;千屈菜对Cu、Zn和Hg累积量均最高,花叶芦竹对Pb的累积量最高。16种植物TN、TP和Pb累积量与生物量呈现良好相关性。研究表明:黄菖蒲、花叶芦竹和千屈菜可作为工厂化循环水养殖条件下生态浮床的潜力净水植物。In order to screen the floating-bed plants suitable for efficient purification of the pollutants in the Cyprinus carpio industrialized recirculating culture waters,the growth characteristics and purification effects of 16 species of ornamental plants on total nitrogen,total phosphorus,copper,zinc,mercury and lead in the waters were studied.The results showed that the average height,root length,and biomass(dry weight)significantly increased,and the purification effect of these ornamental plants on nitrogen,phosphorus,copper,zinc,mercury,and lead were excellent.The contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,copper,zinc,mercury and lead within the 16 species of plants were widely different.The content of total nitrogen in Dracaena sanderiana which was(2.82土0.1 0)%was the highest,and the total phosphorus content in andraeanum which were(0.41土0.0 1)%were the highest.The contents of Cu,Zn,and Pb in salicaria were the highest,as well as the content of Hg in Coleus blumei.The TN and TP in Arundo donax var.versicolor and Iris pseudacorus were the highest,and the Cu,Zn and Hg in Lythrum salicaria was the highest,as well as the Pb uptake of Arundo donax var.versicolor.There is a significant correlation between the accumulated amount of TN,TP,and Pb in the 16 species of plants and their respective biomass.The research shows that Iris pseudacorus,Arundo donax var.versicolor,and Lythrum salicaria could be used as potential plants to remove nitrogen,phosphorus,and heavy metal pollutants in industrialized aquaculture water.

关 键 词：养殖废水 工厂化养殖 循环水养殖 观赏植物 重金属污染 

分 类 号：S964.9[农业科学—水产养殖]