地铁客室乘坐设备人机功能尺寸设计  

Man-Machine Functional Dimension Design of Riding Equipment in Subway Passenger Compartments

作　　者：魏峰[1] 徐伯初[1] 支锦亦[1] 董石羽[1] WEI Feng;XU Bochu;ZHI Jinyi;DONG Shiyu(Institute of Design and Research for Man-Machine-Environment Engineering System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学人机环境系统设计研究所,四川成都610031

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2018年第4期865-872,共8页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BAG12A01-F02);四川省工业设计产业研究中心重点研究基地开放课题资助项目(GY-14YB-29);四川省科技计划资助项目(2017ZR0165);四川省科技服务业示范项目(2016GFW0171);四川省科技支撑计划项目重点研发计划资助项目(2015GZ0081)

摘　　要：为探讨乘客身材特征对地铁客室中乘坐设备功能尺寸设计的影响,运用人机工程学以人为中心的实验和相关分析法展开研究.围绕人的生理结构、心理尺度和乘坐设备的功能属性等因素,结合压力分布实验、虚拟仿真技术和主观评价分析,对人与地铁座椅和扶手之间的功能尺寸配置关系进行了测试与分析.研究结果表明:座椅腰靠纵向外凸圆弧的曲率半径为186 mm、座垫横向内凹圆弧的曲率半径为785 mm时更贴近人体坐姿的生理曲度和满足乘坐的舒适性要求;扶手的吊环高度设置在1 710 mm、横杆高度设置在1 860 mm时能够分别保障不同身材的乘客的使用需求,并能满足适用性、安全性和通行性之间的平衡.A human-centred experiment and ergonomic correlation-analysis approach was adopted to investigate the impact of passenger body size on the functional dimension design of riding equipment in subway passenger compartments.Subsequently,the relationship between the functional dimension configuration among passengers,subway seats,and handrails was tested and analysed based on human physiological structure,psychological endurance,and functional properties of riding equipment.This was achieved by combining a pressure distribution experiment with virtual simulation technology and subsequent subjective evaluation and analysis.Results demonstrate that when the curvature radius of the backrest outer convex arc measures 186 mm while that of the cushion inner concave arc measures 785 mm,seat surface closely matches the physiological curvature of the body-sitting posture,thereby meeting the requirements of riding comfort.Also,when the height of handrail rings and that of cross rods are set as 1 710 mm and 1 860 mm,respectively,handrail height meets usage requirements of passengers having different bodies sizes as well as that of balance between applicability,safety,and accessibility.

关 键 词：地铁客室 人机工程 压力分布 虚拟仿真 

分 类 号：U271[机械工程—车辆工程]