婴幼儿下呼吸道感染肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌流行趋势和药敏分析  

Analysis on epidemic trend and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in infants with lower respiratory tract infection

作　　者：杨治理 庞丹 伊乐 孙巧英 史今凡 YANG Zhili;PANG Dan;YING Le;SUN Qiaoying;SHI Jinfan(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Inner Mongolian Maternal and Child Care Hospital,Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古妇幼保健院检验科,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2018年第A01期41-43,共3页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的 了解本地区婴幼儿感染肺炎链球菌(SP)、流感嗜血杆菌(HI)流行趋势和药敏结果,为进一步研究临床SP和HI的治疗及预防提供依据。方法 采集该院2014-2016年住院的3岁以下下呼吸道感染患儿痰标本做细菌培养鉴定和药敏试验。结果 5 859株标本中分离出SP499株,分离率为8.5%;HI405株,分离率为6.9%。1-4月和12月检出率最高。SP对青霉素、阿莫西林、红霉素等耐药率高。HI对氨苄西林、头孢呋辛耐药率高,对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、氨曲南、阿奇霉素灵敏度较高。结论 SP和HI感染在本地区婴幼儿下呼吸道感染中占重要地位,对各种抗菌药物的耐药率均呈上升趋势,临床应加强SP和HI感染的患儿目标性监测,明确耐药性,有利于预防和控制SP和HI感染和流行。Objective To provide effective precaution and treatment for streptococcus pneumoniae(SP)and haemophilus influenzae(HI),regional prevalence and antibiotics susceptibility of SP and HI infection on infants were studied.Methods The sputum specimens of children under three years of age treated in the hospital from 2014 to 2016 were collected for bacterial culture identification and drug susceptibility test.Results 499 strains of SP were isolated from 5 859 samples,the isolation rate was 8.5%.405 strains of HI were isolated and the rate was 6.9%.Highest detection rate was observed from January to April and December.SP showed high resistance on penicillin,amoxicillin and erythromycin in the study.HI was more resistant to ampicillin and cefuroxime and was more sensitive to ampicillin or sulbactam,ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,aztreonam and azithromycin in the study.Conclusion SP and HI contributed greatly to the low respiratory tract infection in infants in this region and showed increasing resistance to antibiotics.Targeted surveillance should be strengthened on these patients and antibiotics resistance should be further studied,in order to facilitate the treatment and precaution of SP and HI infection on infants.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 下呼吸道感染 肺炎链球菌 流感嗜血杆菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]