北京城市生态廊道草本植物组成及分布格局  

Survey and Analysis of the Composition and Distribution Pattern of Herbaceous Plants in Beijing Urban Ecological Corridors

作　　者：张楠[1,2,3] 董丽 王靛[2,3] 王阔 Zhang Nan;Dong Li;Wang Dian;Wang Kuo

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学城乡生态环境北京实验室 [2]陕西省城乡规划设计研究院 [3]陕西市政建筑设计研究院有限公司 [4]北京林业大学园林学院 [5]北京创新景观园林设计有限责任公司

出　　处：《中国园林》2018年第6期94-99,共6页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：生态廊道生物多样性保护与提升关键技术研究与示范项目"北京城市生态廊道植物景观营建技术研究"(编号D171100007217003)资助

摘　　要：城市内部动植物受到城市快速发展的影响。通过以生态学方法为依据的调查,对北京市城市生态廊道草本植物种类构成及分布格局进行研究。结果表明:北京市六环内城市生态廊道(涵盖道路廊道及河流廊道)草本种类总数184种(含品种/变种)隶属于43科135属,植物组成中外来植物种类偏多,植物入侵现象较为普遍,同时部分植物群落组成较为单一,多样性较低。城市化进程的加剧降低了城市内部草本物种的丰富度,同时也降低了城市草本物种中的入侵种比例,但外来草本物种丰富度却呈现提高的趋势。根据北京市现状,在后续绿化建设中应适地选用植物材料,大力推广乡土地被植物并增加多种应用形式延长观赏期,维持草坪地被植物的多样性,并建立植物入侵预警机制。In recent years,animals and plants are influenced by the rapid urbanization.With ecology investigation,this thesis carries out a further research on the species composition and distribution pattern of herbaceous plants in Beijing urban ecological corridors.The main conclusions from the investigation are as the following:a total of 184 plant species belonging to 135 genera and 43 families are concerned in ecological corridors(including road ecological corridors and river ecological corridors);alien plant species occupy a larger proportion;plant invasion is relatively common;the diversity of some communities is low.Urbanization decreases herbaceous species richness and makes the plant invasionpresent a declining tendency.On the contrary,the alien herbaceous species richness keeps rising.According to the present situation,the application of native plants should be strengthened,and more application forms should be taken in the subsequent construction in order to maintain the botanical diversity and establish early warning mechanism of invasive plants.

关 键 词：园林植物 城市生态廊道 草本植物 物种组成 分布格局 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]