欧洲区域安全复合体的安全治理机制:欧洲民粹主义安全化  

Security Governance Mechanism of European Regional Security Complex:European Populism Securitization

作　　者：钟思雨 Zhong Siyu(Marxism Institute,Communication University of China,Beijing)

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《战略决策研究》2018年第4期40-67,106,107,共29页Journal of Strategy and Decision-Making

摘　　要：哥本哈根学派的安全化理论是安全研究领域中的一种话语安全层面理论。基于国际无政府状态,区域安全复合体成为解读国家与非国家安全行为主体实践的分析工具。欧洲一体化的建构过程呈现出安全化与内向性特征,通过减少复合体的威胁与脆弱性来走出欧盟内部困境。欧盟内部困境实际上是内部信任与认同问题,本文以民粹主义安全化过程分析为切口,探寻欧盟区域内部安全治理机制的发展。目前,欧洲民粹主义的存在性威胁建构过程则是以英国脱欧、移民问题等作为威胁突显,被威胁框架为极右翼政党操纵民意的工具,而民粹主义将会不断蔓延且破坏欧洲一体化,甚至导致欧洲文明倒退。但是,民粹主义安全化一定程度也缝合欧洲内部国家间,以及国家内部人民与政府间由于不信任产生的裂痕。借助哥本哈根学派的言语-行为模式分析,演绎出欧盟区域安全复合体应对欧洲民粹主义趋势所采取的安全化过程,有助于理解欧盟新安全战略实施背后的安全治理逻辑。The securitization of the Copenhagen School belongs to a theory of discourse security in the field of security research.Based on the international anarchy,the regional security complex has become an analytical tool for interpreting the practice of state and non-state security actors.The process of European integration is characterized by securitization and inwardness,and the reasoning of these characteristics is reducing the threat and vulnerability of the complex.The internal dilemma of the EU is actually an issue of internal trust and identification.Therefore,taking the analysis of the process of populist securitization as a perspective,this paper tends to explore the development of the internal security governance mechanism in the EU region.At present,the construction process of European populist existential threat is marked by the threat of Brexit and immigration issues,and has been framed as a tool for extreme right-wing parties to manipulate public opinion.Then,it is significant to release a warning that populism may continue to spread and undermine European inte.gration,and even lead to the retrogression of European civilization.However,the securitization of populism has also sutured the gaps between countries within Europe as well as between the people and the governments across the countries.Therefore,using the speech-act model of the Copenhagen School,this paper tries to explicate the logic of security governance behind the implementation of the new EU security strategy.At the same time,it provides a critical thinking on the invisible role played by populism in European security governance.

关 键 词：安全化 民粹主义 区域安全复合体 安全治理 存在性威胁 

分 类 号：D75[政治法律—政治学]