相互连通的多个高大中庭排烟方式选择分析  

Research on selection of smoke exhaust method in interconnected high and large atriums

作　　者：陈静 肖泽南 郑蝉蝉 CHEN Jing;XIAO Ze-nan;ZHENG Chan-chan(Institute of Building Fire Research,China Academy of Build.ing Research,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司建筑防火研究所,北京100013

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2018年第5期618-622,共5页Fire Science and Technology

基　　金：中国建筑科学研究院有限公司青年基金项目"相互连通的多个高大中庭自然排烟关键技术研究"(20170111331030051)

摘　　要：以设有7个相互连通的中庭的建筑为研究对象,对比分析自然排烟和机械排烟的效果。选取迎风面中庭和最高中庭发生火灾,设置自然排烟和机械排烟工况,分析烟粒子蔓延情况和烟粒子浓度分布。结果表明:对于高大的中庭,由于小规模火灾烟气无法上升至顶棚,无法仅依靠设置于屋顶的排烟设施进行排烟,必须在中庭的中间位置增设排烟设施。相比于增设机械排烟设施,在中间位置外墙上增设自然排烟窗能更有效地排出无法上升至顶棚的烟气。外界环境有风时,在外墙迎风面设置的自然排烟窗为补风状态,背风面自然排烟窗为排烟状态,在中庭内形成空气对流,有利于烟气排出。The effects of natural smoke exhaust and mechanical smoke exhaust were researched with the example of building with 7 connected atriums.The fire was set in the atrium faced the wind and the highest atrium.Different scenarios of natural smoke ex-haust and mechanical smoke exhaust were set to analyze the smoke spread and smoke density.The conclusions are as follow:for high and large atriums,the smoke of small fire cannot rise to the ceil-ing,so the smoke exhaust facilities on roof cannot work well,ex-tra smoke exhaust facilities must be added at other height of atri-um;the smoke outlets on exterior wall of middle floors can exhaust most of smoke which is better than mechanical smoke exhaust.When it is windy,the smoke outlets will supplement air on wind-ward side of exterior wall and exhaust smoke on the leeward side,thus there will be air convection in atriums which is good for smoke exhaust.

关 键 词：高大中庭 自然排烟 机械排烟 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X924.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]