青贮时间对全株玉米常规营养成分及瘤胃降解率的影响  

Effects of Time on Nutrition and Rumen Degradations in Whole Maize Silage

作　　者：颜欣超 宣晶晶[1] 王立克[1] 胡忠泽[1] 任清长[1] YAN Xinchao;XUAN Jingjing;WANG Like;HU Zhongze;REN Qingchang(College of Animal Science,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院动物科学学院,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《安徽科技学院学报》2018年第2期20-25,共6页Journal of Anhui Science and Technology University

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2015ZD17);安徽省教育厅科学研究重点项目(KJ2015A293);奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室2015年度开放课题;安徽科技学院人才引进项目(1409);安徽省科技攻关项目(1704a07020084)

摘　　要：目的:以全株玉米为材料,研究青贮时间对全株玉米常规营养成分、干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)及中性洗涤纤维(NDF)瘤胃降解率的影响。方法:通过常规营养成分分析,尼龙袋试验等方法,研究青贮0、1、2、3个月后全株玉米中常规营养成分、DM、CP及NDF的含量及其瘤胃降解率。结果:青贮后,全株玉米钙、磷、非纤维类碳水化合物(NFC)的含量分别提高了256%(P=0.001)、200%(P=0.005)和82.3%(P=0.001),NDF降低了17.1%(P=0.001)。全株玉米在瘤胃中的快速降解成分含量趋于提高,慢速降解成分含量降低了5.35%(P=0.007),慢速降解成分降解率提高了13.3%(P=0.003)。随着青贮时间延长,全株玉米钙(P=0.005)含量分别线性提高260%、260%和250%,磷(P=0.018)含量分别线性提高200%、200%和200%,NFC(P=0.002)含量分别线性提高77.1%、83.1%和86.7%,NDF(P=0.008)含量分别线性降低16.8%、17.1%和17.5%,快速降解成分(P=0.085)含量分别线性提高13.4%、16.0%和19.5%,慢速降解成分(P=0.004)含量分别线性降低3.79%、5.54%和6.84%,慢速降解成分的降解率(P=0.009)分别线性提高21.5%、24.3%和25.4%。结论:青贮能够提高全株玉米的钙、磷及NFC含量,提高DM、CP与NDF的瘤胃有效降解率。在本试验条件下,全株玉米青贮的适宜时间为1个月。Objective:The effects of silage time on the rumen degradation rate of nutrients,dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP)and neutral detergent fibers(NDF)in whole maize silage were assessed.Methods:The content of nutrition,DM,CP,NDF and its rumen degradations in the whole maize silages in 0,1,2,3 months were analyzed using nylon bag and experimental methods.Results:Results showed that the content of calcium、phosphorus、non-fiber carbohydrate(NFC)increased by 256%(P=0.001),200%(P=0.005),82.3%(P=0.001)in whole maize silage compared with the control,respectively.But NDF was decreased by 17.1%(P=0.001),while the content of slow was degrading components decreased by 5.35%(P=0.007),and the rate of degradation of slow degrading components was increased by 13.3%(P=0.003).The content of calcium(P=0.005),phosphorus(P=0.018)and NFC(P=0.002)linearly increased with increasing silage time,respectively.The content of rapidly degrading components(P=0.085)and the rate of degradation of slow degrading components(P=0.009)linearly increased,while the content of slow degrading components(P=0.004)decreased linearly,respectively.Conclusion:The results indicated that silage may improve the calcium,phosphorus and NFC contents of the whole maize silage and enhance the effective rumen degradation rate of DM,CP and NDF.In the current trial,the optimum time for the whole maize silage was one month.

关 键 词：青贮时间 全株玉米 常规营养成分 瘤胃降解率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]