育王时额外添加叶酸对西方蜜蜂蜂王质量的影响  

Effects of Adding Extra Folic Acid on Quality of Queens for Western Honeybee( Apis mellifera) during Rearing Queens

作　　者：张波[1] 廖春华[1] 赵方媛 王子龙[1] 吴小波[1] ZHANG Bo;LIAO Chunhua ;ZHAO Fangyuan;WANG Zilong;WU Xiaobo(Honeybee Research Institute,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学蜜蜂研究所,南昌330045

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第7期2619-2625,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31360587;31402147);江西省杰出青年人才资助项目(20162BCB23029)

摘　　要：本试验旨在确定育王时额外添加不同浓度的叶酸对西方蜜蜂蜂王质量的影响。控制蜂王产卵8 h,孵化后进行人工移虫育王,从移虫第2天起每天用微量进样器给王台内的小幼虫饲喂2μL分别含有0(Ⅰ组)、0.05(Ⅱ组)、0.25(Ⅲ组)、1.00 mg/kg叶酸(Ⅳ组)的糖水,连续饲喂3 d。蜂王出房时,测其初生重、胸宽,并采用荧光定量PCR检测蜂王卵巢中储存蛋白110(hex110)、储存蛋白70b(hex70b)和卵黄蛋白原(Vg)基因的相对表达量。结果表明:Ⅱ组蜂王初生重显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组(P<0.05),Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);蜂王胸宽4组之间差异不显著(P>0.05);Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组蜂王卵巢中Vg基因的相对表达量显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.05),但Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组及Ⅲ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),Ⅱ组与Ⅳ组之间差异也不显著(P>0.05);随着叶酸浓度的增加,蜂王卵巢中hex110基因的相对表达量先增加后降低,且4组之间差异显著(P<0.05),并以Ⅱ组最高;Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组及Ⅲ组蜂王卵巢中hex70b基因的相对表达量显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.05),但Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组及Ⅲ组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此得出,在育王时额外添加叶酸对西方蜜蜂蜂王质量存在影响,额外添加低浓度的叶酸可以增加蜂王的初生重及上调卵巢中hex110基因的表达,但额外添加高浓度的叶酸会抑制蜂王卵巢中Vg、hex110及hex70b基因的表达,因此,育王时可添加0.05 mg/kg的叶酸来提高蜂王质量。This study was designed to determine the effects of adding extra different concentrations of folic acid on the quality of queens for Western honeybee(Apis mellifera)during rearing queens.Queens was caged to lay eggs for 8 hours.The larvae hatched from those eggs were transplanted into queen cells for queen rearing,and fed with 2μL syrup containing different concentrations of folic acid[0(groupⅠ),0.05(groupⅡ),0.25(groupⅢ)and 1.00 mg/kg(groupⅣ)]for 3 days since the 2nd day of larval stage using a micro sampling syringe injector.The birth weight and thorax width of newly emerged queen from four groups were measured,and the relative expression levels of vitellogenin(Vg),hexamerin 110(hex110)and hexamerin 70b(hex70b)genes in queen ovaries were also assayed by quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR).The results showed that the birth weight of queens in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in groupsⅠ,ⅢandⅣ(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference among groupsⅠ,ⅢandⅣ(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in thorax width of queens among four groups(P>0.05).The relative expression level of Vg gene in ovary of queens in groupsⅠandⅢwere significantly higher than that in groupⅣ(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference among groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢas well as between groupsⅡandⅣ(P>0.05).The relative expression level of hex110 gene in ovary of queens was increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of folic acid concentration.The relative expression level of hex110 gene in ovary of queens among the four groups was significantly difference(P<0.05),and that in groupⅡwas the highest.The relative expression level of hex70b gene in ovary of queens in groupsⅠⅡandⅢwas significantly higher than that in groupⅣ(P<0.05),while there was no significant among groupsⅠⅡandⅢ(P>0.05).In conclusion,the quality of queens for Western honeybee during rearing queens is affected by adding extra folic acid.Adding extra a low concentration of folic acid can increase the birth wei

关 键 词：西方蜜蜂 育王 叶酸 蜂王卵巢 基因表达 

分 类 号：S894.1[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]