不同酵母培养物对泌乳中后期奶牛生产性能、养分表观消化率以及血清指标的影响  

Effects of Different Yeast Cultures on Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Indexes of Dairy Cows in Mid-and Late-Lactation

作　　者：闫碧川 李振乾 李胜利[2] 王雅晶[2] 曹志军[2] 李元晓[1] YAN Bichuan;LI Zhenqian;LI Shengli;WANG Yajing;CAO Zhijun;LI Yuanxiao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学动物科技学院,洛阳471023 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京市生鲜乳质量安全工程技术研究中心,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第7期2732-2740,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家现代农业科技城成果惠民科技示范工程(Z151100001015012)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同酵母培养物(YC)对泌乳中后期奶牛生产性能、养分表观消化率以及血清指标的影响。选取48头健康的泌乳中后期荷斯坦奶牛,按照胎次、产奶量[(36.49±1.50)kg]、泌乳天数[(175±6)d]等相同或相近的原则随机分为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组在基础饲粮基础上添加500 g/(d·头)的压片玉米,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮基础上添加500 g/(d·头)的酵母培养物1、500 g/(d·头)的酵母培养物2、100 g/(d·头)的酵母培养物3。试验期45 d,其中预试期为15 d,正试期为30 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组的干物质采食量显著提高0.82 kg/d(P<0.05),产奶量显著增加1.18 kg/d(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组干物质采食量分别提高0.58、0.66 kg/d,产奶量分别提高0.79、0.65 kg/d,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。试验Ⅰ组乳成分中乳脂率分别比对照组和试验Ⅱ组显著提高5.12%和4.83%(P<0.05);与对照组相比,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组乳脂率分别提高0.26%和2.70%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)试验Ⅰ组干物质、中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率分别比对照组显著提高5.47%和3.05%(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组干物质、中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率比对照组分别提高3.71%和1.84%、1.36%和0.96%,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)试验Ⅰ、Ⅲ组血清球蛋白含量在第0天显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅲ组血清球蛋白含量在第15天及全期平均值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比较,试验Ⅰ组血清丙二醛含量在第30天及全期平均值显著降低(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性在第15天及全期平均值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ组毛利润提高2.14元/(d·头),其他组均降低。综合分析得出,饲粮中添加酵母培养物能够提高泌乳中后期奶牛生产性能,提高养分表观消This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different yeast cultures on performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum indexes of dairy cows in mid-and late-lactation.Fifty-eight healthy Holstein cows in mid-and late lactation were randomly divided in to 4 groups with 12 replicates per group and 1 cow per replicate based on similar parity,milk yield[(36.49±1.50)kg]and duration of lactation[(175±6)d].Control group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 500 g/(d·head)tablet corn,test groupⅠ,test groupⅡand test groupⅢwere fed the basal diet supplemented with 500 g/(d·head)yeast culture 1,500 g/(d·head)yeast culture 2 and 100 g/(d·head)yeast culture 3,respectively.The test lasted for 45 d,including 15 d for pre-test and 30 d for formal test.The results showed as follows:1)compared with control group,dry matter intake of test groupⅠsignificantly increased by 0.82 kg/d(P<0.05),and milk yield significantly increased by 1.18 kg/d(P<0.05);dry matter intake of test groupⅡand test groupⅢincreased by 0.58 and 0.66 kg/d,respectively,and milk yield increased by 0.79 and 0.65 kg/d,respectively,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).Compared with control group and test groupⅡ,milk fat percentage of test groupⅠsignificantly increased by 5.12%and 4.83%(P<0.05),respectively;compare with control group,milk fat percentage of test groupⅡand test groupⅢincreased by 0.26%and 2.70%(P>0.05),respectively.2)Apparent digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber of test groupⅠwere significantly increased by 5.47%and 3.05%than those of control group(P<0.05);apparent digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber of test groupⅡand test groupⅢincreased by 3.71%and 1.84%,1.36%and 0.96%than those of control group,but the differences were not significant(P>0.05).3)Serum globulin content of test groupⅠand test groupⅢon day 0 was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05);serum globulin content of test groupⅢon day 15 and whole period average value

关 键 词：酵母培养物 泌乳奶牛 生产性能 表观消化率 血清生化指标 抗氧化指标 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学] S823[农业科学—畜牧学]