不同来源木聚糖酶及其组合对肉鸡肠道黏膜形态与二糖酶活性及其基因表达的影响  

Effects of Different Sources of Xylanases and Their Combination on Intestinal Morphology,Disaccharidase Activities and Gene Expression of Broilers

作　　者：黄婧溪 李忠良[1] 臧旭鹏 余小华 张涛 左建军[1] 冯定远[1] HUANG Jingxi;LI Zhongliang;ZANG Xupeng;YU Xiaohua;ZHANG Tao;ZUO Jianjun;FENG Dingyuan(Animal Science College of South China Agriculture University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Evonik Degussa(China)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100600,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广州510642 [2]赢创德固赛(中国)投资有限公司,北京100600

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第6期2271-2280,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省现代饲料产业创新团队(2017LM1120);广东省科技计划项目(2016A020210104);广州市科技计划项目(201510010258)

摘　　要：本试验旨在探讨不同来源木聚糖酶及其组合对黄羽肉鸡肠道黏膜形态、二糖酶活性及其基因表达的影响。试验选取1 560只1日龄黄羽肉公鸡,随机分为4组(每组6个重复,每个重复65只):对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂低能量低蛋白质的基础饲粮,试验组(Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组)分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加4 000 U/kg的黑曲霉来源单一木聚糖酶1#、康氏木霉来源单一木聚糖酶2#和组合型木聚糖酶(木聚糖酶1#∶木聚糖酶2#=1∶1)的饲粮,试验期63 d。每个重复分别于21、42和63日龄时取2只肉鸡采集肠道组织,用于肠道黏膜形态、二糖酶活性及二糖酶基因mRNA表达丰度的测定。结果表明:1)Ⅳ组21日龄时空肠隐窝深度显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅳ组42日龄时十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值极显著大于Ⅰ组(P<0.01),显著大于Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),且Ⅳ组42日龄时空肠V/C值极显著大于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P<0.01)。2)21日龄时,十二指肠和空肠中麦芽糖酶活性以及空肠中蔗糖酶活性表现为Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P<0.01);42日龄时,空肠中蔗糖酶活性表现为Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.01),显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。3)42日龄时,Ⅳ组空肠中麦芽糖酶-葡萄糖淀粉酶(MGA)mRNA表达丰度极显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P<0.01)。由此得出,肉鸡在前(1~21日龄)、中期(22~42日龄)阶段,木聚糖酶的添加能够改善肉鸡肠道黏膜形态,促进二糖酶的分泌及其基因表达,且组合型木聚糖酶的作用效果优于单一木聚糖酶,表现出高效催化的组合效应。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different sources of xylanases and their combination on intestinal morphology,disaccharidase activities and gene expression of broilers.A total of 1 560 one-day-old healthy yellow-feather male broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 65 broilers per replicate.Broilers in control group(groupⅠ)were fed a low energy and protein wheat-soybean type basal diet.Broilers in experiment groups(groupsⅡ,ⅢandⅣ)were fed the diets sup-plemented with 4 000 U/kg of xylanase 1#from Aspergillus,xylanase 2#from Trichoderma and the combined xylanase(xylanase 1#∶xylanase 2#=1∶1)based on the basal diet,respectively.The experiment period was 63 days.Intestinal tissues were harvested from two broilers of each replicate at 21,42 and 63 days of age for the determination of mucosal morphology,mucosal disaccharidase activities and disaccharidase gene mRNA ex-pression abundances.The results showed as follows:1)the crypt depth of groupⅣin jejunum at 21 days of age was significantly lower than that of groupⅠ(P<0.05),while the villus height/crypt depth(V/C)value of groupⅣin duodenum at 42 days of age was significantly greater than that of groupⅠ(P<0.01)and groupsⅡandⅢ(P<0.05),and V/C value of groupⅣin jejunum at 42 days of age was significantly higher than that of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ(P<0.01).2)At 21 days of age,the activity of maltase in duodenum and jejunum and the activity of sucrase in jejunum of groupⅣwere significantly higher than those of groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ(P<0.01);at 42 days of age,the activity of sucrase in jejunum of groupⅣwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.01)and groupⅢ(P<0.05).3)At 42 days of age,the expression abun-dance of maltase-glucoamylase(MGA)mRNA in jejunum of groupⅣwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅠandⅡ(P<0.01).Thus,the supplementation of xylanase can improve intestinal mucosal morpholo-gy and promote the secretion of disaccharidases and their gene expression

关 键 词：肉仔鸡 组合型木聚糖酶 黏膜形态 二糖酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]