茄子穴盘育苗基质适宜理化性状研究  

Study on Appropriate Physical and Chemical Properties of Substrates for Eggplant Plug Seedling

作　　者：季托 焦娟[2] 吴金娟 王秀峰[1,4] 魏珉[1,4] 史庆华[1,4] 杨凤娟[1,4] JI Tuo;JIAO Juan;WU Jin-juan;WANG Xiu-feng;WEI Min;SHI Qing-hua;YANG Feng-juan(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;State key laboratory of Crop Biology/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Taian Academy of Agricultural Science,Tai’an 271000,China;Shandong Shangdao Biotech Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]泰安市农业科学研究院,山东泰安271000 [3]山东商道生物科技股份有限公司,山东济南250100 [4]作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期566-571,共6页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金项目(CARS-25-D);横向课题-栽培和育苗基质配方研发与产业化(鲁科技合字2017-1-270)

摘　　要：本试验以‘大龙’茄子为材料,采用混料试验设计,研究了草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩不同配比复合基质在育苗中的应用效果。研究结果表明:当草炭:蛭石:珍珠岩=5:2:3(V:V:V)时,茄子幼苗株高、茎粗、植株干重和壮苗指数均最大;以壮苗指数为观测值绘制等值线图,在95%置信区间下得出茄子无土育苗基质的最适配比(体积比)为草炭36%~62%,蛭石20%~27%,珍珠岩24%~43%;建立了各性状指标与草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩配比的回归模型,通过软件模拟并计算得到茄子育苗基质的适宜理化性状指标为:容重0.25~0.41 g·cm-3,总孔隙度73%~89%,p H 5.8~6.8,EC 0.59~0.93 ms·cm-1[基质:蒸馏水=1:5(W/V)],速效氮612.9~830.1 mg·kg^(-1),速效磷61.6~103.4 mg·kg^(-1),速效钾184.6~299.3 mg·kg^(-1),有机质30.5%~52.6%。通过验证试验,进一步验证了试验的可靠性。In this experiment,the application effects of different proportion complex substrate of peat,vermiculite and perlite in‘Dalong’eggplant seedlings were studied by using mixed material test design.The results showed that plant height,stem diameter,the dry matter weight and seedling index of eggplant seedlings were the largest when the complex substrate ratio was peat:vermiculite:perlite=5:2:3(V:V:V).Using the seedling index as the observation value,the contour map was drawn,and under the 95%confidence interval,the optimum ratio(volume ratio)of soilless seedling substrate of eggplant was 36%~62%of the peat,20%~27%of vermiculite and 24%~43%of perlite.Regression model of the ratio of each character index to peat,vermiculite and perlite was established.According to software simulation and calculation,the suitable physical and chemical properties of eggplant seedling substrate were obtained as follows:bulk density 0.25~0.41 g·cm-3,total porosity 73%~89%and pH 5.8~6.8,EC 0.59~0.93 ms·cm-1[substrate:distilled water=1:5(W/V)],available nitrogen 612.9~830.1 mg·kg-1,available phosphorus 61.6~103.4 mg·kg-1,available potassium 184.6~299.3 mg·kg-1,total organic matter 30.5~52.6%.Through the verification test,the reliability of the test is further verified.

关 键 词：混料试验设计 茄子 无土育苗 基质 理化性状 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]