重金属在油菜秆热解过程中的迁移规律  

Migration behaviors of heavy metals during pyrolysis of rape stalk

作　　者：蔡攀[1] 蒋绍坚[1] 付国富[1] 彭好义[1] 刘僖 朱明伟 CAI Pan;JIANG Shaojian;FU Guofu;PENG Haoyi;LIU Xi;ZHU Mingwei(School of Energy and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第7期1808-1814,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21577176)~~

摘　　要：以含重金属油菜秆为研究对象,采用热重分析仪研究其热解特性,采用管式炉热解装置研究热解温度和热解时间对Cd,Zn,Mn,Cu,Cr和Ni等重金属迁移的影响。研究结果表明:随升温速率增加,油菜秆质量损失率增大,TG和DTG曲线向高温区移动,残余固体质量增大;油菜秆热解产炭中重金属明显富集(Cd除外),且重金属总保留率随热解温度升高呈先升高后降低趋势,而随热解时间延长则逐步降低;在热解温度为500℃、热解时间为10 min时,重金属总保留率最高;各重金属的挥发性存在较大差异,其中Cd为易挥发性元素,Zn和Cu为中等挥发性元素,Mn,Cr和Ni为难挥发性元素。Heavy metals contaminated rape stalks were taken as the research object,pyrolysis characteristics were studied by thermogravimetric analyzer and the effects of pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time on the migration of heavy metals such as Cd,Zn,Mn,Cu,Cr and Ni were investigated by tube furnace pyrolysis reactor.The results show that with the increase of the heating rate,TG and DTG curves of rape stalk shift to higher temperature section,the mass loss rate of rape stalk increases and the mass of residual solid increases.All heavy metals in rape stalks are obviously enriched in biochar after pyrolysis except Cd,the total retention rate of heavy metals increases first and then decreases with the increase of pyrolysis temperature,and decreases with the increase of pyrolysis time.The total retention rate of heavy metals is the highest when the pyrolysis temperature is 500℃and pyrolysis time is 10 min.There is a great difference in the volatility of various heavy metals,and it can be considered that Cd is volatile element,Zn and Cu are medium volatile elements,Mn,Cr and Ni are less volatile elements.

关 键 词：土壤修复 油菜秆 重金属 热解特性 迁移 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]