肉鸡产业链主要抗药性菌株的分离鉴定与抗药性分析  

Isolation,Identification and Antimicrobial Resistance Analysis of Main Antibiotic-Resistant Strains in Broiler Industrial Chain

作　　者：贾纪美 朱见深 骆延波[1] 李璐璐[1] 胡明[1] 赵敏[1] 杨胜福[1] 刘晓文 戴美学[3] 齐静[1,3] 刘玉庆 Jia Jimei;Zhu Jianshen;Luo Yanbo;Li Lulu;Hu Ming;Zhao Min;Yang Shengfu;Liu Xiaowen;Dai Meixue;Qi Jing;Liu Yuqing(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding,Jinan 250100,China;College of Life Sciences,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China;Jiaxiang No.1 High School in Jining,Jining 272400,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东济宁嘉祥第一中学,山东济宁272400 [3]山东师范大学生命科学学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2018年第7期13-19,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31672609);国家自然科学基金国际合作与交流项目(813611138021,81661138006);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0501301,2018YFD0500502);山东省现代农业产业体系家禽创新团队环境控制岗位专家(SDAIT-13-011-09);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2014CP021)

摘　　要：为分析肉鸡产业链各环节主要抗药性菌株的流行状况,保证食源性公共卫生安全,本试验采集肉鸡养殖、屠宰及加工各环节的样本108份,通过6种不同含药物培养基初步筛选抗药性菌株,经VITEK2自动微生物鉴定和自动药敏检测,并与微量肉汤稀释法药敏试验进行比较。结果表明,从肉鸡产业链各环节共鉴定获得664株细菌,其中前三位的优势细菌为大肠杆菌375株(56.5%)、肺炎克雷伯菌110株(16.6%)和奇异变形杆菌79株(11.9%)。微量肉汤稀释法药敏试验结果显示,大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和奇异变形杆菌对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、多西环素抗药率都在90%以上,对环丙沙星和丁胺卡那霉素抗药率在34.6%~87.0%之间,对美罗培南敏感。三种抗药菌显示多重抗药性特征,集中在三、四重抗药水平。VITEK2自动药敏试验结果显示,大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢唑啉抗药率分别是98.3%、92.6%;全部对厄他培南、亚胺培南敏感。肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦抗药率分别是97.3%、89.1%;大部分对厄他培南和亚胺培南敏感,肺炎克雷伯菌的抗药性水平普遍稍高于大肠杆菌,二者呈正相关性。微量肉汤稀释法和VITEK2自动药敏试验两种方法重叠使用了环丙沙星和丁胺卡那霉素,检测结果差异不显著。肉鸡产业链各环节大肠杆菌的抗药性显著高于EUCAST数据库的结果,建议相关部门应加强细菌抗药性监测,并逐步降低抗药性,保障食品安全和公共卫生。In order to explore the prevalence of main antibiotic-resistant strains in the industrial chain of broiler chickens and ensure food-borne public health safety,we collected 108 samples of broiler chickens from different spots of breeding,slaughtering and processing,and screened antibiotic-resistant strains through 6 different antimicrobial-containing culture media.The VITEK2 was used for automatically microbiological identification and automatic antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST),and the result was compared with that by broth microdilution method.The results showed that a total of 664 strains of bacteria were identified from different aspects of the broiler industrial chain.Among them,375 strains(56.5%)of Escherichia coli,110 strains(16.6%)of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 79 strains(11.9%)of Proteus mirabilis were the top three dominant bacteria.The result of broth microdilution method showed that the resistance rates to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and doxycycline of E.coli,K.pneumoniae and P.mirabilis were all more than 90%,while 34.6%~87.0%of resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and amikacin.All isolated strains were sensitive to meropenem.Furthermore,these antibiotic-resistant bacteria exhibited multidrug resistance and tended to triple and quadruple resistance levels.AST of VITEK2 CDCAST card showed that the resistance rates to ampicillin and cefazolin of E.coli were 98.3%and 92.6%respectively,and all isolated E.coli strains were sensitive to ertapenem and imipenem.The resistance rates to ampicillin,ampicillin/sulbactam of K.pneumoniae were 97.3%and 89.1%respectively,and the majority strains was sensitive to ertapenem and imipenem.What’s more,the resistance rate of K.pneumoniae was generally higher than that of E.coli,and there was a positive correlation on resistance rate between them.Antibiotic ciprofloxacin and amikacin were both used in the methods of broth microdilution method and VITEK2 automatic antibiotic susceptibility testing,and there was no significant difference between the two methods.The antib

关 键 词：肉鸡 抗药性 大肠杆菌 肺炎克雷伯菌 鉴定 药敏试验 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]