现实建构主义视角下的海洋保护区建设  

Construction of Marine Protected Areas Based on the Theory of Realist Constructivism

作　　者：刘明周 蓝翊嘉 LIU Mingzhou;LAN Yijia(Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学,湖北武汉430079 [2]中南财经政法大学,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2018年第7期79-87,共9页Pacific Journal

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"国际海洋法会议中的英国话语及其嬗变"(17YJC770016)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：生物学与管理学等技术性学科认为海洋保护区是传统海洋管理方式的替代物,但由于海洋事务多为跨国议题,从国际关系角度对之分析有助于深化人们对海洋保护区的认识。海洋保护区虽然打着科技发展和市场原则的旗帜,其生成与发展则是现实建构主义提出的权力与观念的互动。首先,海洋保护区是"二战"后环境保护占据道德制高点而催生的社会事实。其次,海洋保护区建设难以摆脱权力政治的制约。作为海洋空间社会建构的表现形式,海洋保护区体现了国家借用海洋保护名义进行海洋扩张的事实,其实质是国家在无政府状态下利益竞争的新方式。海洋保护区有可能沦为那些在技术与资金方面占优势的强国的新殖民主义工具。Technical disciplines represented by biology and management science believe that the construction of marine protected area(MPA)could replace traditional marine management.However,considering the multilateral nature of marine affairs,the perspective of international relations contributes to make a deep understanding of MPA.Although advocates banners of technical development and the principle of market,the formation and development of MPA are subject to the interaction between the power and concept in the context of realist constructivism.Firstly,MPA makes a social fact in the context that the concept of environment protection stands on the moral high ground after the Second World War.Secondly,the development of MPA cannot break away from constraints of power politics.As the manifestation of social constructivism in the marine domain,MPA exhibits the fact that states expand their marine jurisdiction in the name of marine protection.Essentially,MPA is a new form of struggle for interests among nations in international anarchy,and it may become the tool of major powers,who dominate in technology and capital,to conduct neocolonialism.

关 键 词：海洋保护区 现实建构主义 国际规则 权力政治 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]