政策移植视角下中国住房公积金制度效果评估  

Effect of China Housing Provident Fund System from the Perspective of Policy Transfer

作　　者：王敏[1] WANG Min(Department of Sociology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学文法学部社会学系,北京100124

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第4期60-66,74,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics：Social Sciences edition Edition

基　　金：北京市社科基金基地项目(17JDGLB028)

摘　　要：中国城镇住房制度改革的30年,中国住房供给体系从计划的公共住房体系转向了以市场为导向的供应体系,随着住房货币化分配及住房私有化的浪潮,中国政府鼓励城镇家庭从住房市场购买住房。为实现职工购买住房的初始资金积累,政府对新加坡中央公积金进行制度模仿,建立中国住房公积金制度。作为一种强制储蓄积累计划,中国住房公积金制度虽然在供款方式、覆盖范围等政策要素上与新加坡中央公积金制度具有形式上的相似性,却没有创造与新加坡中央公积金支持下组屋体系同样积极的社会与经济效果。基于Dolowitz和Marsh关于政策移植效果评价的模型框架,讨论中国住房公积金制度是否存在政策移植的失灵。研究表明,住房市场结构的不可复制性、不同的政策要素与机制,使住房公积金制度在移植过程中存在"不适当的政策转移"与"不完全的政策转移"。此外,对于公积金性质的不同认识,也使政策移植形成了不同的产出效果。With 30-year-long urban housing system reform in China,Chinese housing supply system has shifted from planned public housing system to a market-oriented supply system.With housing monetization and privatization,the Chinese government encourages urban families to purchase housing from the commodity housing market.In order to realize the initial capital accumulation for the employees to purchase a house,the government imitated Singapore Central Provident Fund and established the Housing Provident Fund system in China.As a compulsory savings accumulation plan,it has not make the same active social and economic effects as Singapore CPF-HDB system though Chinese housing provident fund system and the Singapore Central Provident Fund system have formal similarities on some policy elements such as contributors and coverage range,etc.Based on Dolowitz&Marsh’s model framework for the evaluation of policy transfer effectiveness,the paper discusses whether there is a failure of policy transfer in Chinese housing provident fund system.Studies show different housing market structure,different policy elements and mechanisms make the Housing Provident Fund system“improper policy transfer”and“incomplete policy transfer”in the process of transplantation.Different understanding of the nature of the HPF also results in different outcomes of the policy transfer.

关 键 词：住房公积金 中央公积金 组屋 新加坡 政策移植 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]