资产专用性与专业农户气候变化适应性生产行为——基于苹果种植户的微观证据  

The Impacts of Asset Specificity on Specialized Farmers' Adaptation to Climate Change:Evidence from Apple Farmers in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：冯晓龙 刘明月 仇焕广 霍学喜[3] Feng Xiaolong;Liu Mingyue;Qiu Huanguang;Huo Xuexi

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院 [2]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院 [3]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2018年第4期74-85,共12页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目"中国苹果产业经济发展研究"(编号:CARS-28);中国博士后科学基金资助项目"牧民气候变化适应性行为及其效果研究"(编号:2017M620995);国家自然科学基金项目"农地流转合约选择的机制分析及其对农业生产效率的影响研究"(编号:71673290)的资助

摘　　要：本文利用陕西省8个县苹果种植户的微观调查数据,考察了资产专用性对专业农户气候变化适应性生产行为的影响。结果表明:苹果种植户采取覆黑地膜、人工种草、铺秸秆等气候变化适应性生产措施的比例与程度不高;人力资本专用性、实物资产专用性、土地资产专用性和地理位置专用性对苹果种植户气候变化适应性生产行为具有显著影响。具体而言,户主受教育年限、生产性机械拥有情况和村内通公路里程正向影响苹果种植户的气候变化适应性生产行为,苹果种植规模仅正向影响苹果种植户采取气候变化适应性生产措施的程度;村委会所在地到乡镇政府所在地的距离负向影响苹果种植户的气候变化适应性生产行为,村委会所在地到农资供应点的距离仅负向影响苹果种植户采取气候变化适应性生产措施的程度。Based on survey data collected from apple farmers in eight apple base counties in Shaanxi Province,this article analyzes the impacts of asset specificity on specialized farmers’adaptation to climate change.The results show that several key adaptive behaviors to climate change such as employing black plastic film mulch,artificial grass and crop stalks,are not widely used.The specificities of human capital,agricultural assets,land assets,and geographical location have significant impacts on apple farmers’adaptation to climate change.Specially,education achievement of household heads,possession of agricultural production machinery and construction of village road have positive impacts on apple farmers’adaptation.The plantation scale has a positive impact on the area of land in which apple farmers adapt to climate change.While the distance from village to town has a negative impact on apple farmers’adaptation,the distance from village to input suppliers has a negative impact on the area of land in which apple farmers adapt to climate change.

关 键 词：资产专用性 适应性生产行为 气候变化 专业农户 

分 类 号：F304[经济管理—产业经济]