谷壳和柚子皮生物炭的制备及其对红壤重金属的稳定化效应  

Preparation of biochar from chaff and shaddock peel and their stabilization on heavy metals in red soil

作　　者：姜成名 张萌 殷旗 全水清[1] 刘足根 JIANG Chengming;ZHANG Meng;YIN Qi;QUAN Shuiqing;LIU Zugen(College of Resources,Environmental&Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330031;Jiangxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Nanchang Jiangxi 330039;Jiangxi Research Center of Environmental Protection Engineering Technology,Nanchang Jiangxi 330039)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境和化工学院,江西南昌330031 [2]江西省环境保护科学研究院,江西南昌330039 [3]江西省环境保护工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330039

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第7期760-764,769,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：江西省科技计划项目(No.20141BBG70012);江西省环保科技计划项目(No.JXHBKJ2012-13);赣州市科技攻关项目(No.JXHK2017-001)

摘　　要：选取柚子皮和谷壳,在低氧控温条件下制备生物炭,研究柚子皮和谷壳生物炭的结构特征及其对红壤重金属的稳定化效果。结果表明,谷壳的热分解温度在260~355℃,该阶段失重率达44.2%,碳化温度在355~630℃,该阶段失重率为34.7%。柚子皮的热分解温度在180~430℃,该阶段失重率为65.4%,碳化温度在430~500℃,该阶段失重率为19.6%。在制备生物炭时,热解温度越高,获得的生物炭表面官能团含量越少,热解时间越长,生物炭表面官能团数相对越多。重金属稳定化实验发现,300℃制备的生物炭对铅镉稳定化效果总体优于500℃制备的生物炭;柚子皮生物炭对红壤镉的稳定化效果优于谷壳生物炭,两种生物炭对红壤铅镉的稳定化作用主要归因于生物炭表面酚醇羟基、甲基、亚甲基、羧羰基、酯基等官能团的化学吸附作用,表面物理吸附作用贡献较小。In this paper,shaddock peel and chaff were selected to prepare biochar under low oxygen and controlled temperature,the structure of obtained shaddock peel and chaff biochar was characterized and their stabilizing effects on heavy metals(Pb and Cd)of red soil were explored.Results showed that the pyrolysis temperature for chaff was ranged 260-355℃with weight loss rate of this phase was 44.2%,and carbonization temperature was ranged 355-630℃with weight loss rate of this phase was 34.7%.While for shaddock peel,the temperature and the weight loss in pyrolysis phase was 180-430℃and 65.4%,and the temperature and the weight loss in carbonized phase were 430-500℃and 19.6%,respectively.The biochar produced under higher pyrolysis temperature had less content of surface functional groups,while surface functional groups were increased when extended the pyrolysis time.In the stabilization experiment,it was found that Pb and Cd stabilization performance of biochars prepared at 300℃were better than those prepared at 500℃.The stabilization performance of shaddock peel biochar was better than that of the chaff one.The main mechanism for Pb and Cd stabilization was the chemical adsorption of functional groups,such as phenolic alcohol hydroxyl,methyl,methylene,esteryl,carboxy carbonyl and so on,while the surficial physical adsorption was weak for both Pb and Cd.

关 键 词：生物炭 碳化制备 稳定化 铅镉 红壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]