新诗押韵与新诗韵书的编纂  

The Rhyme of the New Poetry and the Compilation of New Poetry Rhyme Books

作　　者：张玉来[1] ZHANG Yulai(School of Liberal Arts;Research Institute of the History of the Chinese Language,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院/汉语史研究所,南京210023

出　　处：《常熟理工学院学报》2018年第4期2-12,共11页Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"汉语音韵学百年学术源流"(11BYY056);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助重大项目"<中原音韵>的史实及其音系结构"(14JHQ040)

摘　　要：伴随着"五四"新文化运动,新诗走上了历史舞台。新诗创作要求有新诗韵。赵元任首先编出《国音新诗韵》,张洵如编成《北平音系十三辙》(1937),黎锦熙等编出国颁《中华新韵》(1941),嗣后有近百种韵书(含论文)陆续问世。这些韵书的作者背景复杂,所编韵书体系不一,存在审音矛盾、宽严失准、缺乏韵谱归纳等问题,出现了诗人用韵不予理睬的尴尬局面。本文基于对现存各种韵书的分析,提出了若干新诗韵编纂原则:坚持共同语标准音的原则、符合语音科学的原则、从众性原则、宽严标准统一的原则、规范性与普适性相统一的原则、允许多样共存的原则,并提出了15个严韵和13个通韵的韵部系统。With the advent of the May 4th New Culture Movement,new poems embarked on the stage of history.The new poetry requires new rhyme.Zhao Yuanren first compiled Mandarin Pronunciation Poetry Rhymes in 1923.Then there appeared The Thirteen Ruts of Beijing Phonology by Zhang Xunru in 1937 and New Chinese Rhymes by Li Jinxi in 1941,with nearly one hundred kinds of rhyme books(including papers)coming out successively.Against the complicated background of the authors and the diversity of the rhyme systems,there exist such problems as contradictory sounding,inaccurate standards and lack of rhyme induction,which lead to an embarrassing situation where poets may ignore these rhyme books.Based on the analysis of various existing rhyme books,this paper proposes several rhyme compiling principles for the new poetry:the principle of adherence to the common language standard pronunciation,the principle of compliance with phonetic science,the principle of conformity,the principle of unification of strict and flexible standard,the principle of unification of standardization and universality,and the principle of multiple coexistence.Also,this paper proposes the rhyme system of 15 narrow rimes and 13 universal rimes.

关 键 词：新诗 普通话 新诗韵 

分 类 号：I207.21[文学—中国文学]