微生物砷甲基化及挥发研究进展  

Advances in the research of arsenic methylation and volatilization by microorganisms

作　　者：王培培[1] 陈松灿[2] 朱永官[2,3] 孙国新[2] WANG Pei-pei;CHEN Song-can;ZHU Yong-guan;SUN Guo-xin(Research Center for Ecotoxicology and Environmental Remediation,Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture,Tianjin 300191,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心,天津300191 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院城市环境研究所城市环境与健康重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2018年第7期1377-1385,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571130062;41601271);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800303)~~

摘　　要：砷(As)是一种全球关注的有毒元素。在自然环境中,砷主要以无机形态存在。环境微生物对无机砷的甲基化及挥发对砷的生物地球化学循环有重要影响。利用微生物砷挥发来削减土壤砷浓度,是具有应用前景的土壤修复技术。本文综述了砷甲基化机理、砷甲基化基因起源和进化的最新进展,不同物种之间砷甲基化基因的水平转移是该基因传播的主要途径;阐述了目前报道的砷甲基化过程的几种可能机制。鉴于微生物砷甲基化在生物地球化学循环及环境健康方面的重要作用,该综述对未来该领域研究有重要指导意义。Arsenic(As)is a toxic element with global concern.In natural environment,arsenic mainly exists in the inorganic forms.Arsenic methylation and volatilization driven by microorganisms play important roles in As biogeochemical cycle.Bio-volatilization of As can decrease As concentration in the soil,which could be used as a promising technology for As bioremediation.This paper reviewed recent advances in the principle of As methylation and the origin and evolution of As methyltransferase gene(arsM).It is speculated that the arsM genes were spread to other kingdoms of life through horizontal gene transfer.The predicted mechanisms of As methylation were elaborated as well.Considering the key role of As methylation in its biogeochemical cycle and environmental health,this review is of great significance for future research in this field.

关 键 词：砷 甲基化 生物地球化学循环 基因进化 机制 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]